-"-■£7."»/7-^\:K^r?..'^':Fyv 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. 



Q^^XJ^^tipivi^^ !f c. 

Slielf.^.=S..'t/ 

UNITED STATES OF AMEEICA. 



J. W. SANDERS. 



THE 



GRAHAM SYSTEM 



SHORTHAND, 



AS TAUGHT AND PRACTICED BY 



J. W. SANDERS, 

Ex-U. S. Court Beporter. 



TWENTY YEARS^ EXPERIENCE. 



PRICE $2. 

address all orders to / j ^ ^^ ^^ 

Draughon & Sanders Publishing Company, ' 
Nashville, Tenn. 
U. S. A, 



Copyright, 1894, 
By J. F. Draughon. 






J 



PREFACE. 

In no lines of thought or action has the progressive element 
of the American people evinced more ingenuity than in that of 
making text-books. 

Almost every shorthand text-book now before the public has 
been reduced to some special system or method: every one made, 
like razors, to sell, and warranted to be the best. For instance, 
we have the "Inductive," the "Deductive,'-' the "Natural," the 
"Accumulative," and. other methods; while at least one author 
in this world has " bobbed up serenely " who proposes to teach 
a man or woman to become master of the art of shorthand 
writing in six weeks. What a sad calamity to most of us that 
he did not " bob up " twenty years ago ! 

This is a complete, practical, and reliable text-l)Ook on the 
Graham System of Shorthand, \Aith a few added expedients, 
and no effort or expense has been spared to make it a most val- 
uable instructor. After an experience of more than twenty 
years as a teacher and writer of shorthand, during w^hich time 
I have been almost constantly engaged in the practice of my 
profession, I think I know what kind of book is best adapted to 
teachers, students, and every one who has endeavored, through 
self-practice, to obtain a knowledge of phonography. 

Much space is given to elementary instruction, the absence 
of which, in most text-books heretofore published, has caused 
many students' hopes to vanish when they too soon attempted 
to write from dictation. I say that this has been a painful 
stumbling-block, and not a few failures may be attributed to it. 

The book contains hundreds of engraved shorthand plates, 
nearly all of which are underlined in plain, large print. While 



4 SANDEllS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 

the shorthand is large and at times shows pen deviations, no 
apology is offered, for two reasons: First, the characters pur- 
posely were made large for convenience in study. Secondly, I 
wrote nearly all the shorthand from dictated manuscripts. 

It is probable that in some instances I may have used the 
language as well as ideas of other authors, but it was not my in- 
tention so to do ; and if any one should see such a thing without 
the proper credit he will understand that it was an oversight — 
not intentional. I disclaim most positively and emphatically 
any intention, directly or indirectly, to reflect upon the many 
good shorthand publications or any author thereof My w'hole 
and only object and desire is and ever has been in the interest 
of the shorthand calling, and I will continue to labor zealously 
for the good I may be able to do. 

If this humble offering should contribute anything toward 
the upbuilding of the profession to which I owe a debt of grati- 
tude that can never be paid, and in which my faith groW'S 
stronger every year, then I will be ampl}^ compensated for my 
labors. J. W. Sanders. 



INTRODUCTION. 

There are certain qualifications which a shorthand writer 
must possess in order to be successfuh He must be famihar 
with the shorthand he uses; he must possess the necessary 
speed ; he must understand what he writes ; he must be able to 
write with ease, energy, and rapidity; he must be possessed of 
such control of his very being that mechanical accuracy will be 
assured. It is essential that he enter into the spirit of the sub- 
ject-matter he is engaged in writing; he should mentally repeat 
the w^ords he is writing as they flow from the speaker's lips, so 
as to metaphorically give expression to his own thoughts and 
feelings by the aid of phonographic characters. It takes the re- 
sources of the whole man, all in energetic action, to make the 
stenographer. Every part (the eye, the ear, the nerves, and the 
hands) must be willing subjects of the soul and act in unison 
w^ith the mind. He must be a student. He should seek infor- 
mation from every source and have it ever ready in the great 
storehouse of his mind. He should have an oceanic depth of 
thought and strong retentive power. It has been said that the 
stenographer should know everything. I would hardly ask to 
be credited with usi^g such strong language as is given in the 
last sentence, but would modify by saying "a stenographer 
should be well ' equipped ' for his particular line of work." 

The student should ever keep in mind the fact that to be able 
to wTite shorthand with the least efibrt is to reach the height of 
perfection in the Art. But he must know how and ivhen to use 
phonographic characters to bring about such results. 

Not in all the sciences, arts, and professions generally is 



6 Sanders' shorthand lessons. 

there so much dependency upon the first or primary principles 
as in that of shorthand study. The whole embodiment, from 
the time the first letter in the phonetic alphabet is made on to 
the most scientific reporting, is one complete mass of Primary 
Principles. 

The great variety of engraved shorthand words on each les- 
son ofters the student a wide field for practice ; and if the proper 
time be given them, he should experience no difficulty in writ- 
ing words of similar import. As he progresses he will find easy 
definitions, simple explanations, appropriate exercises suited to 
each set of shorthand principles, and a judicious selection of 
word-signs and contractions to be memorized. A thorough 
knowledge of outlining, and the ability to use the right outline 
readily at the proper time, is one of the stenographer's rare ac- 
complishments. Until the princi^jles, w^ord-signs, and contrac- 
tions have been permanently fixed in the mind it is very im- 
portant that they be frequently referred to. 

The book is divided into three parts: the Primary^ Outline, 
and Reporting. Having completed the primary and outline 
courses, the student should possess an immense fund of short- 
hand, which he should be able to draw^ on at will. Passing 
to the reporting style, much time should be given to reporting ex- 
pedients, to the study of contractions, " sensible " phrasing, criticisms, 
accurate and neat typewriter transcripts, forms, and speed. 

It may be of some advantage to warn the student against the 
pitfalls and sloughs of despondency that occasionally beset his 
pathway; and if there be no guidepost, he will probably not 
soon arrive at his destination. Therefore the kindly assistance 
of a thoroughly competent teacher is almost indispensable. A 
student should be impressed with his teacher's capacity as well 
as ability. A teacher's first business is to teach; if everything 
else is duly subordinated to this function, he may perform as 
many others as he pleases. But under no circumstances must 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 7 

the teacher degenerate into an exhorter, nor into the critic, e.s- 
especially of the " war whoop and tomahawk " variety. 

Postulating a good shortliand book, let me say one just intro- 
duced, what shall be the teacher's attitude toward it? First, he 
should examine it thorouglily, appreciate its sepai'ate excel- 
lences and defects at their full value, understand its perspec- 
tive, note its limitations, and if possible correct its errors. 

If an alert shorthand teacher can satisfy himself that no se- 
rious results follow, he will hail with deliglit the sight of a new 
text-book in order to stimulate his own activities and theieby 
react upon the energies of his pupils. 

In closing this introduction I would respectfully ask those 
w^ho contemplate the study of shorthand to weigh well the fol- 
lowing admonition : If you wish to enter the ranks of the shoit- 
hand profession, before doing so, satisfy yourself that you have 
plenty of perseverance^ patience, endurance, determination, and fu- 
dustrij. If your common school education be limited, and you 
honestly believe you do not possess all the foregoing requisites, 
donh, for time's sake, undertake it. J. W. S. 



SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 

LESSON I. 

SHORTHAND ALPHABET. 

p b t d eh ay j 



k gay f V shay zhay 

i { ) ) / 

ith thti s z hay ray 



lay yay r way m n ing 

Note. — Hay and Eay are always written upward. 
Lay is always written upward when standing alone. 
(See remarks on next page.) 



10 SANDERS' SHORTHANB LESSONS. 

REMARKS. 

When "shay" is preceded by a vowel sound it is called 
ish. When " lay " is preceded by a vowel sound it is called 
1. The}^ may be written upward or downward when 
joined to other consonants. All the upright consonants 
are written downward except hay, ray, and lay. Hori- 
zontals are written to the right. Chay is preceded at 
the top and followed at the bottom by other consonant 
strokes. Eay is preceded at the bottom and followed at 
the top by other consonant strokes. This being the 
case, there can be no confounding of the chay and ray 
strokes. Eay is also slanted more than chay. Observe 
uniformity in shade, slant, and length. See that you 
understand these remarks before passing to the next 
lesson. 



SANDERS^ SHORTHAND LESSONS. 

LESSON II. 

JOINED LETTERS. 



11 



V \ L. L 



/ 



v_V^ 



) 




Note. — Copy slowly and carefully, and name each 



letter aloud while writing it. 



12 SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESS02<J8. 

LESSON III. 

THE "ISS" AND '*SES" CIRCLES. 

A small circle on right side of the shorthand conso- 
nants p, b, t, d, chay, j, on top of k, gay, on left of hay, 
ray, and on natural curve of all curve letters is "iss." 
A large circle on the same side is "ses." When these 
circles are at beginning they are always read first, then 
the consonant stroke; when they are at the end, they 
are read last. 

Exercise. 

\ \ f f / / 

iss-p iss-b iss-t iss-d iss-ehay iss-j 

.V V [ I / / 

iss-p-iss iss-b-iss iss-t-iss iss-d-iss iss-chay-iss iss-j-iss 



iss-k-iss iss-gay gay-iss hay-iss ray-iss iss-ray 



m-iss iss-m-iss iss-n iss-n-iss iss-mg iss-ing-iss 



\A ^ V. J J 



f-iss iss-f iss-v v-iss shay-iss zhay-iss 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



13 



( (_U__A 



ith-is8 thii-iss s-iss iss-z r-iss way-iss 



r- r /-^ I 



\ 



lay-iss yay-iss iss-lay-iss d-iss-k b-iss-t 



^1^ 



"^< f 



m-iss-k iss-m-ing ray-iss-k j-iss-p f-iss-l 

:^0TE.— Natural junctions should be observed in writ- 
ins; the iss and ses between two consonant strokes. 



X) b b 6 6 



p-ses b-ses t-ses d-ses chay-ses j-ses 



\ r 



^O 



y 



ses-p ses-t k-ses gay-ses ses-k hay-ses 



\o O 



ray-ses m-ses n-ses f-ses v-ses ses-n 



14 SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



) '^ /^ ^ C ") 



r-ses way-ses lay-ses yay-ses thii-ses ses-z 




.^ 



P 



p-ses-t p-ses-ray p-ses-v m-ses-p n-ses-t d-ses-t 



o 



-/ /% 



k-ses-ray r-ses-t n-v-ses ray-j-ses ray-p ses 



SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 45 

LESSON IV. 

THE *'STEH" AND '*STER" LOOPS. 

They are made on same side as the "iss" and "ses" 
circles. A small loop is '^steh.'' It is always read first at 
the beginning and last at the end. 

Exercise. 



\ \ I / / 



p-steh b-steh t-steh d-steh chay-steh j-steh 

\ V f f / / 

steh-p steh-b steh-t steli-d steh-chay steh-j 



gay-steh steh-k steh-gay k-steh hay-steh ray-steh 



^=^<^ 



m-steh steh-m n-steh steh-n ing-steh steh-ing 



Xote. — See that you are making this loop long and 
very small, like the engraving. 



16 Sanders' shorthand lessons. 

, V V ^ V J J 

steh-f steh-v f-steh v-steh shay-steh zhay-steh 

( ( } ) ~ \ ^ 

ith-steh thii-steh s-steh z-steh r-steh way-steh 
lay-steh steh-lay yay-steh steh-r ray-p-steh 



A large loop is '^ster.'' It is read last. 



^^i \) 



; y 



/ 



p-ster b-ster t-ster d-ster chay-ster j-ster 



^' ^ 



k-ster gay-ster hay-ster ray-ster m-ster n-ster 



^ ^"^ ^-^ 

ing-ster f-ster v-ster shay-ster zhay-ster n-v-ster 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 

6 (> h f) \ '^ 



ith-ster thu-ster s-ster z-ster r-ster way-ster 
lay-ster yay-ster ray-chay-ster m-n-chay-ster 



^ "V^ \) 



ray-j-ster p-iss-m-ster p-sters p-stehs 



b .^-^^^ 



d-sess-iss m-lay-ses ray-stehs hay-stehs 



^^-^^c^ ^-^ 



m-sters ing-sters lay-sters t-stehs j-stehs 
k-iss-p-steh k-iss-ray-ses m-n-ses t-k-ses 



Note. — The '^ ater " loop is never at the beginning of 
consoDants. 

2 



18 SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



LESSON V. 

THE VOWELS. 

As no word in the EniJ-lisli lani»:uao:c can be written 
without the aid of one or more vowels, the same general 
principle applies with equal force to shorthand represen- 
tation. Therefore, you Avill see without hesitation the 
importance of thoroughly mastering the twelve vowels 
which appear in the diagram on the following page. The 
upright bars may represent shorthand consonants, and 
the dots and dashes at the beginning, middle, and end 
show their respective vowel sound on the consonants. 
In other words, if you write a heavy dot at the begin- 
ning of a consonant it is '' E," in the middle it is "A," 
and at the end it is "Ah." The light dots represent the 
short sound of " I " as in it, short '• E " as in Ed, short " A'' 
as in at. A heavy dash at beginning is "awe," in mid- 
dle "o," at end "oo;" and a hght dash at beginning is 
short "o" as in not, in middle as in hut, at end as in 
book. 

My earnest admonition: Acquire a thorough knowl- 
edge of vocalization. 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



19 



Vowel Scale. 



J^ong. 


Short. 


Long. 


Short. 


E • 


I . 


tiwe — 




6 - 




A • 


E . 







u 




Ah • 


A . 


00 — 




ugh — 





Eepeat (aloud) and write these vowels as follows until 
thoroughly fixed in your mind: E, A, Ah, I, E, A; awe, 
0, 00, o, u, ugh. 

Shorthand words are written in different positions. I 
will tell you why. Further on, when you begin to write 
sentences in shorthand, even at a fair rate, you will be 
forced, for want of speed, to drop unnecessaiy vowels — 
simply writing the outline (consonants only) to many 
words. In such cases, however, you will have to read 
not a few^ of your notes from the context, or from the gen- 
eral construction of a sentence. Therefore, reporters 
use position with reference to line of writing, and obviate 
the use of many vowels which would prove tedious, slow, 
and unsatisfactory in verbatim reporting. 

There are three positions, then, that you must learn. 

First Position. — If the accented vowel have the sound 
of a first position vowel in the scale above, write the out- 
line to the word in the first position — above the line of 
writing. The uprights are written about one-half their 
length above the line, and the horizontals the height of 
the shorthand "t.'' 

Second Position. — If the accented vowel have the 
sound of a second position vowel in the scale, write the 
outline to the word in the second position — on the line 
of writing. 



20 SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 

Third Position. — If the accented vowel have the sound 
of a third position vowel in the scale, write the first 
upright through the line of writing and all horizontals 
immediately below it. 

EuLE. — When a vowel is placed before an uj)right let- 
ter, it is read first; when placed after, it is read last. 
When a vowel is placed above a horizontal letter, it is 
read first; when placed below, it is read last. 



SANDERS SllORTlIANI) LESSONS. 

Exercise. 



21 



• \ / 



eat tea be each me knee 



key see- fee she lea he 

vv (■ ^ r-^ 


Eve Eph thee we ye \ 

• 


Rhea 


^^ ^ <s. ^ 


^ ^ 



it in 



nick 



kick Tom 




odd not oil dock 



rock 



9.'}, 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



_V-.^I>'"A 



tick Dick Paul meal deal ear 



ease cot rot mock lick if 



. /• 



jog fit cheap chip lip dip 



/ — /• 



fop pot hawk shock shop sheep 



fish . dish keel keep Esau easy 



VVi 



r\ A A 



pith bead feed lead read rid 

XoTE. — The above are all first position words. 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



23 



LESSON VI. 

EuLE. — All third place vowels and second place short 
voAvels precede the following consonant. 



Exercise. 



* ^1 



pay Abe ate aid day ao-e jay 



V 



1- / / 



^_1 



ache gay aim may nay they 



)• ) / ^ /^ ^ ^ 

say ace lay ail way hay 



^0 Xm 



L\_\ 



Eay rake take bake bait shake 



-!_ L)-\ /- 

ode doe so Poe Joe show oak 



/- I 



24 



SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



I A 



A 



go own no ohm choke joke 




roar ore shore goat boat wrote 



woe coke load lore Eome 



^y^ 



K 



duck luck shuck rub rug tub 



-),^-x 



come mug us hub cub 



l: 



Beck neck deck peck check 



SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



25 



^i / \ 



wreck peck peg Ed edge ebb 



X 



arm ark farm calm ma 




pa balm at add lad lap 



V- 



chap tack Mack back lack 



/ 



^z: 



rack knack Jack fad mad 




boom room root moot shoot 



26 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 




doom boot cool 



coon Sioux 



\=r7^ 



book 



look 



nook took 



shook 



cook 



rook 



foot 



When to Use R and Bay. — '' E " is used when it begins 
a word and is preceded by a vowel sound. It is also used 
when followed by m. '' Eay " is used when followed by 
a vowel sound. It never precedes E and m. It follows 
m and ith. It also precedes ith. Words with two vowels 
occurring between two consonant strokes are vocalized 
by placing the first vowel after the preceding consonant 
and the last vowel before the folio win o; consonant. 




peon 



reecho 



Leon lower 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



LESSON VII. 

WRITING EXERCISE. 

Eaw pool Jennie Bill fall mole heap peep dip shop cop 
cab own low so say may oar push mush cash lip ream 
feet toe oak ooze eh up it dig leg nick pick arm air fair 
tare roar pour peer coal read road rid red rash bush 
gush fish fake fag fog happy pity putty money funny 
zeal oath add itch thaw kick meek buck Anna Annie 
Fannie Minnie finny jolly shock ship fear four Eva love 
leave live laugh lath lathe loath leak elm Emma any 
lassie roach wretch rainy Eooney bath above way woe 
woo awake await caw Coe fudge nudge hog dog boggy 
buggy beg bed bode shave hope escape easily ownng 
bang ding king ring among lung tongue fang gap busy 
rosy lazy hazy shaky ditto motto lasso. 



28 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



LESSON Vlll. 

DIPHTHONGS. 



V 


i 


A 


01 




< ei 
.^^^ ai 




^ oe 


<^ 


ew 


A 


ow 




i 




^ ooi 



Eemarks. — J, oi, and ei are always at the beginnini^ 
of consonants; ai and oe are in the middle; ew^ ow^ and 
ooi are at the end. 1 points down, ew to the left, oi and 
01^ up, ei and a^ to the left, oe and ooi to the right. M 
and ai are compounds of the long e and a dot vowels. 
Oe and ooz are compounds of the long o and oo dash 
vowels. The same rule applies to ew. ow^ and ooi as that 
of the third position vowels — they precede the following 
letter. On the following page is presented an easy prac- 
tice lesson in the use of diphthongs. 



sanders shorthand lessons. 
Diphthong Exercise. 



29 



by pie die tie ice shy 



V 



\// 



isle lie Ike my high rye 



1 






c c 



sigh eyes guy ire thigh thy 



^ r / 






boy toy joy oil Eoy boil 



V1 



K ^ ^ ^' 



h: — "A 



foil toil coil annoy decoy alloy 



V< \< L / / 



few pew due chew Jew mew 



:]0 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



x< 



^ 



cue hew use knew Ewing view 



/A 



^.r 



\ 



'^ A ^ 






how nioAv vow now sow tiUow 



A 



owl fowl our out loud 



y\ 



cow 



l< 



{1^ 



Deity deify payee Owen ISToah Alloah 



/ 



T 



> 



Louie dewy annuity duet 



lie wit 



Note. — Oe also represents the o-ah sound, and ooi the 
ewy sound. Ai sometimes represents the ae sound. A 
correct orthographer will experience no difficulty in 
transcribing into longhand all proximate stenographic 
sounds. 



Sanders' shorthand lessons. 31 

LESSON IX. 

1 have told you that iss, ses, and steh are read first 
at beginning and last at end, and that ster is read last 
at end; but is never at the beginning of a letter. 

EuLE. — Vowels and diphthongs written between a 
beginning iss or steh and the consonant stroke are read 
between them. Vowels and diphthongs following both 
the iss or steh and consonant stroke are read after them. 
The ses circle may be vocalized by writing a first, second, 
or third position vowel inside of it. 

Exercise. 



s,* V* 



\ \ T T T 



peas bees sip sit seat seed 



siege paws jaws laws Saul balls 

U --5 f D X D -^^-^ O 

Thomas docks box shocks socks 

bosses losses misses nieces hisses 



32 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



JD 



9 ^' 
<^ b 



kisses causes tosses recess thesis 



\ \ \ -\ r / 



pieced beast steep stop tossed stitch 



5^.. 



steam mist cost stocks stings 



^ . 



hissed wrist list still steal stall 



\^^^ ^ K 



mists beasts feasts costs lists fist 



x-J-V_. 



risk disk Fisk 



reason passage 



.SANDERS SIIOUTIIANJ) LKSSONS. 




'• I -'# 



\ 



mixed lixed receipt receive waisp 



V 



•; •) J 



Aveusei 111 easier coa8e seize sauces 



-f -f ^J 




exhaust exist decisive Mississipj)i resist 



\.t y ^ 



mice nice vice dice rice wise 



.V RV 



^^1 ^ 



pies spices sign style side sly 



1 f 



entices revised smiles size sights 

3 



34 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



voices rejoices boys toys spoil 



A 



/ 



■A /A V^ 



r ^ 



7\ 



noise choice joist foist moist 



M 



V.9 fy\ 



A 



hoist invoice Loyd soil coils 



r I ]^ E^ 



theist deist deism deistictil rhymes 



LO 



A 



desire deceive decide beside reside 



SANDKUS SIIOKTHAM) LESSONS. 35 

LESSON X. 



s.* \« 



J \ I- ()■ 



pace paste paster best test tester 

\ ^ \ I h- b 

boast boaster bust dust duster doses 

•[ I '! '(■ ■/ f 

sets stays state study stage sages 



ways waste slays days haze raise 

^ A r^ ^^ ^ 

haste roast soul stole vest faced 



most must stone stung stove stuff 



:](3 



SANDERS SUOKTIIAM) LESSONS. 



L 



stem stuck gust next ducks 



desk musk tusk husk rusty 







luster muster Hester roaster Chester 




exercise excessive possessive necessary 



rA^ 



^ 



Dast vast arms arks bask 



h: 



task mask music cask 

Remark. — You will notice in above exercise that when 
consonants are joined by iss all vowels following the pre- 
ceding stroke are written immediately after it. 



SANDEKS SHORTIIANI) LESSONS. 



37 




])assive last master faster castor 



rV 



muses fuses aceusecl amused abused 



~7C 



6< K ^ 



\ /a 



y 



review Je^vs mouse house rouse 



^ 





'A 






boost roost housed cuckoos adds 



-^^^ 



■stacks Louis Louisville Jewess 



v/'JJ / 



>/ >' 



buoy Hughey Suez suet Jewett 



o8 SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 

LESSON XI. 

*'S" AND "Z" STROKE. 

In words beginning- with ti vowel or diphthong when s 
or z follows write the s or z stroke, not the iss circle. 

In outlines ending in s or z followed by a vowel or 
diphthong write the s or z stroke, not the iss circle. 

Write the s or ^ stroke when two vowels occur be- 
tween it and the preceding consonant. 

Note. — The ei, ai^ oe, and 661^ you will notice, are ex- 
ceptions. For example, such words as Louis, Jewess, 
Noahs, payees, buoys, deism, etc., may end in iss when 
vocalized with these special diphthongs. 

Exercise. 




espy assail ask 



escape espouse asp 

/ 




essence eschew asylum easily Ozark 




^^ 



busy posse gauzy rosy racy 



SANDEKS' SHOHTIIANI) LESSONS. 39 

Lizzie Eliza lazy dizzy hazy 



• 



7" 



rosy cozy Lacy Cassie Massey 



y^ 



mussy pussy Tissie daisy boozy 



\f W 



pious Elias chaos Diaz bias 



40 



SANDERS SIIOUTHANl) LKSSONS. 



LESSON XII. 

BRIEF WAY. 



we 


c 


Wl 


c 


waw 


D 


WO 


D 




way 


c 


we 


c 


wo 


D 


wu 


r> 




wall 


c 


wa 


c 


woo 


-, 


Willi;!! 


D 











BRIEF YAY. 






ye 


u 


r^ 


\J 


yaw 


n 


y* 


yay 


\J 


y^ 


\J 


y^' 


n 


yn 


yah 


\J 


r^ 


\J 


you 


r\ 


yiigii 



A 



A 



A 



At first appearance these little semicircles may glim- 
mer before your eyes; but, knowing the simple vowel 
scale, we prefix the w for brief way, and y for brief yay — 
combining the sound — and we have it. Take away the 
prefix IV and y, and what will remain? Why, nothing 
but the simple vowel scale. In writing the briefs for 
the short vowels they are supposed to be made smaller 
than the long vowel briefs, but it is not practical that 
any distinction in size be made. 

The rule governing the j^lacing of vowels on conso- 
nants also applies to the briefs. To facilitate speed, and 
when it is convenient, briefs are joined to consonants. 

Exercise. 
The brief way for the dots and dash vowels may be 
reversed for convenient joinings, as in week, wood, etc. 
So may the brief yay^ as in yellow, youth, etc. 



SANDKKs' SH(1HTHAN1> I.KSSONS. 



41 



1 1 



weep wipe weed wide wit witch 



-f -£ i. 



Avife week walk wiek Avig yellow 



^_Xi 



1 ^ 



A 



year web wade wet wake wedge 



1 ^\^ 



equip quit squib quick 



:1 




wood wag youth twil 



quack 



-yL-ir 



squaw squi 



uash twio; dwell wax 



42 



SANDERS SllOKTHANl) LESSONS. 



LESSON XIII. 

THE BRIEFS CONTINUED. 

Brief way is rejiresented at the beginning of ???, ?i, /, 
tind ray by an initial hook. An iss circle is prefixed by 
writing: it inside a brief 



•\ 1 1 ./ 



sweep sweet Swedes switch swing 



\ 



' ^^l^ ^ 




dissuade swine swim swell swear 



■1/ 



\ A/ 



Wine 



wane wail wool wall 




wire work worse worst weary 






young yam yawn yawl yoke 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



43 



h^^y ^-^^g-^ 



squire 



Esquire squeal squirrel 



,M ^- 



I 



^ri. 



worth Winchester once wincloAVS 



/ L i^ 



wearer twine Edwin 



quail 



Q D 

C 



^ 



squeamish squirm squeeze Welch 



William warp winning beware 






'it O 




beeswax walking Websters yearling 



44 SANDERS' SHORTHAND J.ESSONS. 



LESSON XIV. 

DIFFERENT WAYS OF REPRESENTING *' H." 

The h may be represented by a dot written before a 
vowel or diphthong and consonant; p-oid or chay-oid 
prefixed to a stroke [an oid is one-foui-th the length of a 
straight letter]; the stroke A. 

The h dot is used only when the junction will not per- 
mit the use of the oid or h stroke. 

The A stroke is nsed when it is the only consonant; 
when preceded by a vowel; when followed hjray; when 
it is the last consonant stroke in a word. 

As a rule amanuenses (office stenographers) are quite 
liberal in their use of the h stroke, w^hile, on the other 
hand, verbatim reporters are equally as generous in the 
omission of the h dot and h-oid — simply writing the 
remainder of the outline in the accented vowel position 
and depending upon the context for its interpretation. 

Carefully study this page in connection with the fol- 
lowing exercise. 



SANJ)KK.s SIIOKTHANI) LKS80XS. 



45 



exhale mayhem hires hymn 




haDg hitch harm hall hack 

X / }^ /' A 

hay high Ohio house ahead 




higher huriy Harr 



ison 



Omaha 



Writing Exercise. 

Harry honey hop hem hung hires hide horse hearse 
humming hill hale adhere houses harp head hod unhung 
ah eh ugh hoot wool week worse well won wine wink 
wing windy web sweet yore quit wile willing wire wipe 
wit weed witch wedge whisky. 

:N"ote.— The h-oid is also prefixed to a brief, as in wMiie, 
lohig^ whip, etc. 



4(; 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



LESSON XV. 

WORD SIGNS. 



\ 



it 

at 
out 

dollar 
do 



had 
advertise 



be 
. objec't-ed 



\ 



to be 



up 



hope 
.,- happy 
party 

V I 

" hi^h 



subject-ed 



L 



its 
it is 
it has 



- itself 

--k-"=^ at first 
/ each 

Z which 
change-ed 



/ 



f much 
■" charge-ed 

- common 
--. kingdom 



come 
came 
country 

_ advantage 



large 







kingdoms 
because 



give-n-mg 



go-uig 
together 

if 



for 
fact 

few 
half 

ever 
have 

however 
the 



a 

an 
and 



Note. — The hay stroke is also written in the first po- 
sition for the word sign high, hay-steh highest, hay-ray 
higher. 



SAiNDEKS SIIOIITHAN1) LE880NS. 



LESSON XVI. 

WORD SIGNS. 



X, 

t 

1. 

t 



i 



think 

thaiik-ed 
thousand 

thee-thy 
they -them 



though 
thou 

these 
thyself 

this 



those 
thus 



V^ several 



) 



see 
saw 

say 
so 



V. 



J. 



us 
use 

was 

use 

wish 
she 

shall 
issue 



^ usual-ly 

""•^^ here 

\ her-hear 



"t 



are 



our 
hour 

in-any 



know 
no 

own 

me -my 
time 



may -am 
him 



home 

thing- 
English 



language 

long 

along 

length 

will 



whole 
holy 



j^oTE. — Ray is sometimes used for the word sign are. 



-I-S s.\ni)f:ks' siioirriJAM) lkssons. 



LESSON XVil. 

COPY INTO SHORTHAND. 

Do it for him. I had them in my house. It will be 
here in May. This book must be read by him. The 
boy s))oke several languages. A high hill was just at 
my right. The bill poster was in tins city last week. 
AVire me if they go. I saw an ox eat hay several days 
ago. Will ni}' knife be in this l)Ox if I look for it? She 
Avrites many things wrong. Those boys passed l)y my 
store. Your task will be ready soon. The postmaster 
gives us much mail. At first they saw her mistake. 1 
usually go up by James Jackson's house. The wine was 
sour. They think it sweet. I will go, however, and see 
him. The lady had some advantage in the race. They 
quit work just in time. Give me some peaches for 
Harry. I think they will thank him for it. The cakes 
and pies are in this cook stove. Louie was lazy last 
Sunday. Jack was so pious in July and August. The 
rogues will escape if the police leave them. 



SANDERS SUORTIIAND LESSONS. 



41) 



LESSON XVIII. 

WORD SIGNS. 






why 

away 

your 

know 
new 

now 



^ yes, sir 
^ Yourselvo! 

I 

myself 



es 



this is-has 
themselves 



himself 



O IS 
his 



as 
-^-..has 



intiuenee! ^ ^^.^^ 



herself 



nirself 






ourselves ...\. 



of 
all 

to 



r 



yes 
yourself 



too 

S....2 two 



' or 

I awe 

.......... *^^i'<^'a<^b' 

. but 

o 

1 ^'^^ 
owe 

/ on 
^ ought 

he 
„-/.„„ should 

who 
._/ — whom 

._ ... to whom 

...._--.._ how 
/ 

-. y?...- period 



^^ Sanders' siiohthand lessons. 

LESSON XIX, 

COPY INTO LONGHAND. 



/ 



/ 



4^ 



/ 



iL. 



i 



r. b 



J S 



j^virxi 



\_vL- 



--->. / 



/ 



C. ^ 



\/ 



) 



/ 




SANDERS SHORTHAND I>ESSONS. 



51 



LESSON XX. 

WORD SIGNS. 



c 


we 
with 


....Z?...- would 
\J ye 


...c... 


were 


year 


z> 


what 

- 


...v^..-. y^^ 



n 



bevoii 



. n... y 



ou 



PUNCTUATION MARKS. 




y 



period interrogation doubt 



dash 



^ 




applause hiughter applause and laughter 



// 



hyphen or underscore 



parentheses 



Note. — Other marks are the same as used in longhand. 
A small cross may be placed by a vowel or diphthong 
to mark the acceiU, 



52 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 

LESSON XXI. 

COM, CUM, CON, CONG, COG, ACCOM. 



-v-b 




compose c-ompiiss coiiduce cognate accompany 



r 



consio-n commence (concede consume 



f L f 



confuse committee continue consist 

The same dot at end is ing. 

I ) 11. J. ■ 

doing saying talking showing 

When monosyllables i}\\(\ \\\ ing. the ing stroke is used. 



L L - 



dong tongue king ring 

XoTE. — For primary instruction the accom is generally 
made heavy, l)ut it is not practical, 



Sanders' shorthand lessons. 53 

A small circle in the ing dot place is ings, ing-us, ing-as 
ing-his. Some writers enlarge the ing-dot to represent 
ings, hut I much prefer the circle. 



(loing(8)-as-hi8-us showing-us-his giving-us-his 



O I o \, 



hig-a-n-d is represented hy t-oid or k-oid in the ing-dot 
position. Ing-the is represented hy p-oid or chay-oid in 
the ing-dot i)osition. 



LL 




•I 

doing-a taking-a-n-d asking-a-n-d 



M 



\ \ 



biiying-the doing-the showing-the 



54 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



LESSON XXII. 

THE STROKE *'M" MAY BE SHADED TO ADD ''P' 
OR '* B." 




U^ 



^ 



lamp dump 



camp 



jump 



thump lamb romp pomp 

steamboat stump stamp mumps 



hump chump scamp 



impiety 



■n:L 




impetus impish importance miprove-d-ment 

may-be 



impossible-ility impossibilities improves-ments 



sa::deu8 siioktiiand lessons. 



55 



^- 



impose imposed ambush impute 




embody impostoi* impious imperious 




embezzle embezzler 



bamboo 




ibers 



extemporary extemporize 



Writing Exercise. 

Extemporaneous extemporaneously encamp empale 
Emperor embalm embar embark embarrass embrace 
embay embase embass}^ embattle embowel lump scamp 
swamp damp pump emboss. 



56 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



LESSON XXIII. 

A curve letter made double length adds tr. di\ th?\ dhr. 
Vocalize the same as sinp^e letters. 



fatter enter 



neater 



meter 




weather smatter 



hunter 



r 



smother father matter 



leather smoulder 



thither 



x~ 



cinder voter 




/ 

oyster sifter sAvifter 



r\ 



sweeter 



SANDKRS SHOKTHANl) LESSONS. 



<:^ 



/ 



winter wonder welter 

lag made double length adds /,/■ or g7\ 



K 



sina'er 



linger 



tinker 




banker 



Sanger 




stinger thinker winker 




younger Yonkers 



58 Sanders' shorthand lessons. 

LESSON XXIV. 

3/iiitide double length and shaded adds jt>r, br, or tr. 




timber bumper 



P-^ f^^ 



lampejs 



December distemper stamper 



h'mber 



cucumber 



amber 




lumber 



romper 



imbibe 



jS'ovember imbitter 



scamper 



SANDKRiS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



50 



A straight letter may be made double length to add 
tr, dr, thr or dhr. 



L 1 






con( 
V 


luctor 


educator 


writer 






n 




•o 






' 





tighter scatter 



actors 



IS^OTE. — The shaded letters should be run to a point. 



gather . biter or by tnere-ir 



.A_ 



go-there do-there-ir be-there-ir 



2. 



) v/O- 



^._!_. 



<-^ 




60 



SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



LESSON XXV, 

WORD SIGNS AND PHRASES. 



entire 
neither 

enter 
no other 



V another 



matter 

order 
reader 




for there-ir 



j shall there- 



\ 
1 



was there- 
ir 



when -there- 
ir 



--^ some other 



f 




) 



or 



see or saw 
there-ir 



will-there-ii- 

t he-other 
are-there-ir 

of-their 

have -'there- 
ir 

is-there-ir 
writer 

rather 



SANDEKS' SHORT HAND LESSONS. 61 



LESSON XXVL 

GENERAL WRITING EXERCISE. 

Are your mother and father at home to-day? My 
mother is at home composing music for James William 
Hunter, who will come for it in December. Are you 
doing a piece of work for the banker? Is his book as 
new as yours? Which way does he go on his way to 
the city? She is doing several things at a time. They 
must be giving us too much exercise. The lighter boy, 
who wrote the letter, has too much lather on his face. 
The other embezzler was in jail all winter, and had no 
water for two whole weeks. If we do what is right in 
the matter, the conductor will give us a ride. The 
younger tinker lost his anger. Her father spoke of 
Thomas Alexander. Owen spoke to Noah and Louis 
said nothing. My new box is large enough for the 
squirrel. With what we were to have. I will go bej'ond 
you. Ye or you know the year to be so long. Has he 
come yet ? 



62 



SANJ)KR.S SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



LESSON XXVII. 
WORD SIGNS. 



when 

one 

won 

with- me 
Ave- may 

with -him 

we-are 

where 

aware 

while 
we- will 

well 
whenever 



(y^ \^^ wherever 



anywhere 



.zn 



nowhere 

wherefore 

wherein 

whe]*eby 

wherewith 

...... 

wherennto 

whei'esoevei" 

whensoever 



%,^^^ Av hence? 

( 



soever 



t 



whatsoever 



whosoever 
'Avhomsoevei- 



SANDERS SlJOKTIIANl) LESSONS. 



63 



LESSON XXVIII. 

Exercise. 



A.ZL 



A- 



.&_ 



<£_ 



zz 



,../' ( 




j_o 



\_._1 




•I-T^' 




6. 



2^ 



r\ 



L 



L 



_z:i_ 



, A 



^ 



£^ 



Lk 



V 



A 



V 



^ 



I ^ \ ^ 



"1 



y- 



M- 



.^ 



cL o -t D I 



^14^ 



V 



-^^::i ^v^ 



/otv 



/^. 



64 



SANDEtiS SHOR'niAM) LESSONS. 



LESSON XXIX. 

A letter luade half length adds t or d. 

\ <s N r r r 



pit bit bid tight deed died 






^v 



^ 



^^^—^ 



^ 



^ ^ 



^ -^ 



/• 



li2:ht fii>;ht hio'ht writes cheat 



rates hats meet night invite 



^^ \p 



state slight soft saved votes 



I- 



-i — V — ^ 



notes dates shoot bat abode 



caught cut act got get 



let 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



65 



r -^ 



9^X 



ir 



thought seized isort 



sent heart 



Z: 



writing written bottom received 






m 

L 



recent lodged enact conduct 

Half lengths m, n, r, and 1 are shaded to add d only. 



i 



vS .^ ^ 



^ 



hard hired old soiled filed 



St 



^ 



^ 



Maude mode need Ned tired 



Bay and lay are never made half length to add d. I 
sometimes write hay half length to add d. 



66 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



LESSON XXX. 

WHEN HALF LENGTHS ARE NOT USED. 

First. — When two vowels occur between a preceding- 
consonant and a following t or <i, two consonant strokes 
must be used. 



T 



quiet 



piety 



fiat 



riot 



Second. — When a vowel follows t or d Sit the end of 
words, the stroke t or d is written. 



V=l- 



f^ 



beauty Mattie 



Cody 



shoddy 



A 



ready pity Kittie shadow 

Third, — When a joining is bad or not convenient, 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



LESSON XXXI. 

Writing Exercise. 

Sleet slate slat sold piled toiled foiled soared soured de- 
sired unsold unfold owned sound send signed excelled seat- 
ed sighted spot except accept deceived decided receipted 
attempt cat cotton gad goat bucket racket ticket jacket 
packet existed molested feasted equity pity poet duet 
tilled pealed bailed billed pulled stated (steh-tet) stepped 
stopped stitched constitute nailed exact hides hods heads 
heeds hates hats huts heats hits rates rats rights retain 
art heart hurt herd naught naughty monied (m-n-d) 
piped popped bobbed gagged cooked lacked effect judged 
intimate fascinate. 

Note. — Wn^ wr, and wl are halved to add t or d, as in 
loind, went, loord, ivired^ wailed, etc. 



68 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



LESSON XXXII- 

WORD SIGNS. 



( 




>^^ 


immediate- 


— _ 




that 


-.-. -. .. 


ij 


— 


quite 


Jf. 


without 
feature 


.vg^.. 


under 
hundred 

owned 




could 


V. 










^-_-^.. 


hand 
old 




act 


-.L... 


after 


..r.. 


world 


"^-n^' 


natural 






1 


did 


( 




._6/... 


word 






\ 


put 


•) 


astonish- 
ed- men t 

establish - 


(T^ 


somewhat 


s ■ 


about 


...1. 


ed-nient 


.fl-:^.. 


sometime 


T 


doubt 




liitle 


^_^ seldom 




God 








Lord 








let 


■^ 


read 






_z... 




ordinarj^ 


.-,.. 


good 


^ 


of it 


"S... 


heard 


z. 


until 


) 


is it 

was it 
h-as it 


^ 


not 
nature 




want 


) 


^^ 


went 
^ .wont 







SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 

LESSON XXXIII. 

Exercise. 



69 



V 



^ V 



L 



\ 



l^ 



:^ 



J. 



_ZL 



4. 



V 



1 






.x-<\ . 



r 



:i 



L 




. I ^\.L 



jA_ 



V 



t' " ' ' /n •^) / 



^_^ 



\' >^vi 



7^ 



tf^ 



iJ2. 



!>. 



I 



::^ 



.z:> C_ 



1^ 



i2. 



/2. 



V 



^O/^- 



■ ^"^ lu, '*- _■ ^ J ■ J*<. 



r 



^-\ 



70 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



kr 



kl 



LESSON XXXIV. 

THE "R" AND "L" HOOKS. 



wu^/ 



gr pr br tr dr chr jr 




/ 



gl pi bl tl dl ehl jl 




fl vl fr vr thl dhl tin- dhr 



yy j^ 



shl zhl shr zhr 



mr nr 






ml 



nl 



rl 



Hay, ing, lay, r, way, s, z have no r or i hooks. Yay and 
ray have no r hook. The hook on m, n, and ray is made 
large to distinguish it from the brief way. Jf and n are 
shaded for the same distinction. As r, way, s, and z have 
no^ or Z hooks,/ and vl are turned for/r and vr, and thl 
and dhl for thr and dhr. Shl and zhl are always written 
upward and preceded or followed by a consonant. 



sanders shorthand lessons. 
Exercise. 



71 



r 1 



-crow acre gray pra_y bray try dry 



^ 



c o 

I 



T 



f 

teacher wager claws glue idle addle 

^\ ^ -^ ^ ^ 

play able fly oval freeze over 



)■•) 




three either masher pleasure oflicial 




L 




casual rumor dinner croup 



4i^ 



VV^ 



camel tunnel bushel barrel 



72 



Sanders' shorthand lessons. 



LESSON XXXVI. 

THE ** ISS" INSIDE THE *' L" HOOK 



■f^^ 



sickle supply saddle satchel splice 



gospel 



fiscal 



rascal disclose display 



THE *' ISS" INSIDE THE "R" AND **L" HOOK ON 
CURVES. 



V 



l^^ 



civil 



sinner 



designer peaceful 



THE "ISS," **SES," AND "STEH" ON THE *' R " 
HOOK SIDE OF P, B, T, D, CH, J, K, GAY. 



\A -] 



o 



9 



c 



supper stopper stutter sister seeker 



strong 



t 




1 / 



Jasper prosper Tasker cider stitcher 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



LESSON XXXVII. 

VOWELS BETWEEN AN *'R" OR "L" HOOK AND A 
CONSONANT STROKE. 

EuLE. — Write a circle in the position of e, a, ah before 
consonants to represent their long sound, and a circle in 
the same vowel positions after a consonant to represent 
the short sound. The dash vowels and diphthongs are 
Avritten through the stroke in their respective positions. 



^ oL \ V^ V 




feels fails Parker fills fell 



car Calhoun mere skill cigar 



^ 



falls bold court school ]^orton 

cur full cure procure 



74 . SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



LESSON XXXVIII. 

Writing Exercise. 
Brick brook brim bright brought bread bride Brody 
Brady brawl brace braces braced brisk brier brainy 
broiling broker bridge crook creek croaker trickster 
wager cackle tickle Walker Nichols quicker Tucker 
talker joker negro supplies saddle satchel fiddle meddle 
bottle beetle battle uncle final kernel journal eternal 
inform firm gross grass grassy greasy crazy cracker 
striker scrap scrip spring Jasper rascal fiscal Oscar cry 
hammer sooner liner finer rumor boomer spinner winner 
skinner bushel official marshal casual camel court 
Parker fill Calhoun Corlis secure cigar civil over Dover 
pleasure. 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



75 



LESSON XXXIX. 

WORD SIGNS. 



err 



care 



\ 



1 



principle- f^j) 
pal 



appear 
proper 

practice 
practical 

practica- : 
ble-ilityl 

i 
truth I 



t 



1 
■i 



true 
equal-ly 

difficult-y 

tell 
it will 

at all 
at least 



> 



at last 

member 
remember 

number 
brother 

doctor 
dear 

during 



danger 



larger 
glory 

able 

Mr. 

mere 

remark 

more 



near 
nor 



' manner 



owner 



sure 



). 



1 



I either 

there- 

their 
they are 



I 



. other 
pleasure 

from 



v. ..through 



_^,, 



over 

every 
very 



^6 SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 

LESSON XL. 

L is added b}^ enlarging the "r" liook. 



n 



n 



trail trial April control 



girl 




Charles 



liberal 



mrl 



nrl 






"^ 1 1 y 



frl vrl thrl dhrl 

R is added by enlarging the " 1 " hook. 



shrl 



1 



f 



<^— 



c 



ogler abler Addler scholar 



c 



colors 



clear bugler clerk 



c 



Clark 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 

LESSON XLI, 

Exercise. 



77 



a . x ^ 



_jQ_ 



.2^ 



V 



-^ ^1 



^ 






♦I °-X. 



V 



V 



I 



V 



.. 1 ^ ) T 



6» v^ 



X 



2. 



( ° 



^^^ 



i». 



\ ^ \ : . -f / 



^ 



42. ^ 






IL. 



a. 



i 



1 



^ 



L_. 



^ -C . I 



78 SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 

LESSON XLII. 

THE '*N" HOOK. 

A small hook at the end on the left side of p, b, t, d, 
chay, j ; on the bottom of k, gay ; on the right of hay, ray ; 
on natural curve of all curved letters, is the " n " hook. 



»^:? 



\ VJ-.I- 



cane 



gain pain bone ton done 



,/ J / X' V. V 



chain Jane 



hen rain fun 



even 



C ( ^ ^ .J J' 



thin then loan urn assia^n shine 




man mine nine malign remain 



\A 



<rir^ 



• :> 



brain train crane grain 



clean 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



79 



The ^' 11 " hook on straight letters made into a circle 
adds iss. The iss is written within the '' n " hook on 



curves. 



V J- J^ J' J - 



canes bones 



^ ^ 



tons dines chains Jones 



L^L 



lines 



fines means thenc€ 



or 



r-" \ \ . 



shines 
Q 



cranes screens brains sprains strains 



^-^^^ "^' 



^V 



cleans silence explains cyclone contain 

The sfeA, s,ter^ and ses are also placed on the " n " hook 
side of straight letters (never on curves), and are read 
after the " n " hook. 



i I- V 



O 
Kansas condenses condensed punster against 



80 SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



LESSON XLIII. 

THE **F" OR "V" HOOK. 

The "f" or ^'v" hook is a small hook at the end of 
straight consonants opposite the '' n " hook. The '' f " or 
"v" hook is not on curve letters. 



\. 1: I.- 



cuff gave pave beef tough dove 

chief Jeff hive rough roof 



-xr-T"^ 12 y/- 



caves craves doves roofs hiv- 



es 



1 r~ 

briefs drives cliffs cloves gloveg 



Sanders' shorthand lessons. 81 

LESSON XLIV. 

EXEROrSE. 

_^i^ _^L S* ^ ^ 

paint paved complaint drift draft 



Kent^icky combined mind mount land 

■^ — "^j 

craft depraved deprived arrived find 



faint grieved proved contrived chafed 



^ .. r j^ 



— V— 

pints pants paints taunts joints 

events lands excellent disciplined around 

6 



82 



SANUERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 





LESSON XLV. 






WORD SIGNS. 




.crrr--. 


careful-ly 

truthful-ly 

believe 
belief 

whatever 


\ 


1 • 


r 
^ u 


combine 




been 

upon 
piinish-ment 


J..... 


whichever 


;V 


-.happen 



\ 



r 



^ -, 



whereof 



perfect-ly 

prove 
proof 



approve 
differ-ence 

out of 
opinion 



7 



happiness 
ha]}pens 

general-ly 



._.-^^-^- imagine-ation 



again 
begun 



"began 



can 



^ . question 

learn 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 
WORD SIGNS CONTINUED. 




i 



often 
phonography 

phonographer 
phonographic 

done 



morning 
men 



man 



women 



woman 



within 



then 



than 



even 



V. 



have been 



_._yr:"^ ^ may not 

^ cannot 

---*^ account 

count 
'"''"^^'"' county 

J did not 



J do not 

I had not 

4/ gentlemen 

/ gentleman 
^^ England 
J or f yield 



84 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



LESSON XLVI. 

THE INITIAL "IN," "EN," "UN," OR "ON" HOOK. 



^ 



enslave insult onslaught insecure 



y^^ 



insoluble inscribe inconsiderable insolent 



1 kL 



L I 



; 



I n- 

instructor unceremonious 



instruct 





inseparable 



insuperable 




unscrew 



insolvent insolvency 



L^ 



insulator 



^j — ^« 
insecurity unstrung inconsiderate 



SANBERS' SHORTHAND LES80N8. 85 



LESSON XLVn. 

Writing Exercise. 

Will you please send those apples to Cincinnati? Ee- 
member that you must obey Mr. William Tanners' strict 
orders. The instructor will write him as soon as he 
arrives in Chicago. Is your brother or sister going 
away this winter? The phonographer wrote his pho- 
nographic letters with a pen. I have been counting 
the insults those gentlemen received from the boys 
dressed in black. Be truthful at all times and places. 
You must be careful with your notes. Phonography is 
a very useful art. Your mother received her letters 
from father. The banker sold Mr. Hunter a bill of lum- 
ber last December. I did not expect to see you last 
night. Do not go out while it is raining. I had not 
been at home during the entire week. Practice often. 



8(> 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



LESSON XLVIII. 

THE "SHON" HOOK. 

A large final hook on the right side of p, b, t, d, chay, 
j; on tojD of k, gay; on left of hay, ray, and on natural 
curve of all curve letters is shon. 



\ 




1, 


• 


*0 

1 


V)- 


J> 




1 





passion 




tuition condition action cautions 

Hessian ration motion notion fashions 

•|_J) ^L^ c^^ 



education 



-^:^- 



protection 



section sanction 



A large final hook opposite the shon hook on straight 
letters is the five hook. The tive hook is never on curve 
letters. 



Ov^l^ 



=3- 



^ 



protective combative active executives 



L=. 



i^ 



=9- 



defective comparative cooperative elective 



SANDERS SHOUTHAND LESSONS. 



87 



LESSON XLIX, 

THE **ESHON" HOOK. 

This hook is ahvays at the end of letup's, and is wi-it- 
ten thus: 



:i 



^ r 



position accession physician decision 



X 



1 



compensation condensation dispensation 



k 




acquisition 



accusation 



oppasitions 



intercession 



organization 



An iss, as you have already learned, is always read 
last at the end regardless of any other principle. In 
half lengths t or d is always read last when not followed 
by iss. 



Jli 



:^ 



patient 



patients 



conditioned 



88 SANDEKS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



LESSON L. 

Writing Exercise. 
Eevision intention prevention contention attention 
correction information investigation deduction deductive 
dedication description prescription proscription prosecu- 
tion confiscation execution excursion perversion preser- 
vation consecutive imaginative prevarication prevarica- 
tive exposition deposition mission exaggeration relative 
relation unction function distinction rational educational 
exaction seclusion rejection completion complexion con- 
fectionery confederation concussion condescension con- 
cretion condemnation condonation conformation condi- 
tional determination concoction combative elective con- 
flagration confirmation declarative defective operation 
corporation incorporation inoperative descriptive recep- 
tive perceptive. 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



89 



LESSON LI. 

CONTRACTIONS. 



^^\ objection 

..... 

X\ subjection 


\\ perfection 
\A operation 


X objective 
X subjective 


\ operative 

1 

1 J direction 


^ suggest 
^ suggestion 
y^ suggestive 


1 - duration 

- • attention 

X\ exception 

- 

^} exhibition 


>^>w represent-ed 


X \ . representation 


\^% expression 


^ X representative 


-^.-.i.f-^i^ execution 


y?..- imaginative 


j^ generalization 


C organization 







90 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



LESSON LII. 

A light oid slanting like p or chay and prefixed to a 
consonant is /. It may be affixed to a horizontal tick 
(k-oid) only, and is always written in the first position. 
/tT-oid or f-oid, to represent a, an^ or ancl^ may be prefixed 
to Avords of convenient joinings. The same principle 
applying to / in the first position is he on the line, and 
liow below the line. The is represented like he when 
affixed. I seldom use the as a prefix to a phrase. 



1 



4 



1 



I-wili I-ain 



I-do I-had I-think 



I-shall I-wish I-sat I-mia"ht I-lost 



LA. 



and-1 and-I-say have-the 



srive-the 



^ 



-z^ 



\ \ 



speak-the and-the-he If-the-he by-the 



J^ 



is-the-he as-the-he and-as-has-the-he 



SANDERS SHORT HANI) LESSONS. 



91 



hc-may he will in-the know-the-he 



T 



how long how must how-the-he how-wil 



a-man a-time and-lost and-do and-go 



and-is-his is-a-an aiid-as-has as-has-a-an 



92 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



LESSON LIII. 

CONTRACTIONS. 



\ become 
^ became 




nothino- 



regular-ity 



irregular-ity 



/^ acknowledge 

S. ])eciiliar-ity 



represent-ed 



into 

knowledge 

influenced 

influences 
anything 



^-v 





.::k. 



never 

refer-red 

refers-ence 
familiar-ity 

something 

forever 

interested 

notwithstand- 
ing 

I-will-highly 

enough 

interest 

nevertheless 



SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 93 



LESSON LIV. 

Writing Exercise. 
He and I represent the gentlemen from Ohio. You 
should never acknowledge that he is right in the matter. 
She is familiar with all the subjects under her personal 
supervision. However, notwithstanding all that, the 
gentleman is in the wrong. Mr. Charles Calhoun is 
irregular in making his visits to the court room. How 
may I interest you when I call at your home next Sun- 
day? They are very much interested in their peculiar 
way of doing things. Father and mother were influ- 
enced by Mr. Jasper. We are well aware of their sen- 
tences being composed in the English language. My 
knowledge of the business houses in Kansas City is 
somewhat limited. Vocalize many words for some time 
to come. Be patient and labor hard. Did you write a 
letter to Mary Anderson? I am going to see the sweet 
singer next winter. He and his brother are there. 



94 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



LESSON LV. 

PREFIXES. 
Circum, Self. 




circumference selfish circumnavigate 



A A^ 



circumscribe 



self-respect circumvent 



Contro, Contra, Counter, And-con, And-com, A-con, 
A-com. 



\. 



controvert contravene countersign 



T 



V 



L 



and-conceit a-complete 



contradict 



^ 



^ 



1 



controversy counterfeit and-consider 



Sanders' shorthand lessons. 1)5 

Decom, Decum. 

-Jh 1 L^ 

decompose decompound decumbence 

Discom, Discon. 

— k ^ U- 

discomfit discompose . discomfort 

A — t— ^ 

discommode discontinue disconcert 



fc 



disconsolate discontent discontinuance 

Recom, Recon, Recog. 

recommend reconsider recognize 



\ 



reconcile recompense recognition 



96 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



Irrecon. 



irreconcile irreconciled irreconcilable 



Incom, Incum, Incon, Incog,^ Encom, Encum, Uncon, 
Uncom, Unaccom. 



-I 



A^ 



incommode incumbent inconceivable 



^ 



v^=^ 



incognito 



encompass incumber 



:^ 



\ 



unconcerned uncomfortable unaccomplished 



s 



'\^ 



^ 



inconstant uncontrolled unaccompanied 



SANDEHS SIIOKTIIAND LESSONS. 

LESSON LVI. 

PREFIXES CONTINUED. 
Magna, Magne, Magni. 



magnanimous magnesia magnify 



"^ ^ 



magnificent magnitude magnetic 



l: 




magnetism magnanimity magnificence 



Miscom, Miscon. 



\, 



\ 



^ 



miscompute misconstrue misconception 



l: tl 



l< 



misconduct 

7 



misconstruction misconstrued 



98 Sanders' shorthand lessons. 

For, Fore. 





forethought 




fores^o 



foretell forewarn foresight 

I 

forecast foreclose foreman 
Noncom, Noncon. 



noncommittal nonconformist nonconducting 

Unrecom, Unrecon, Unrecogf, Inre, Unre. 



\ 



unrecompensed unreconciled unrecognized 





in-receipt unreceived in-repl}^ in-reference 

in-regard unreasonable in-respect 




SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 99 

Inter, Enter, Intro, Anti, Ante, Ant. 



-:rx_ 



^ 



j:l 



interrupt entertain introduce antidote 



:± 



^ 



:± 



antecedent antagonist anticipate interested 



His-con, His-com, Is-com, Is-con, Self-com, Self-con, 
Has-con, Has-com, As-con, As-com. 



o 

L 



\ 



o 

T 



his-conduct 



is-complete self-conceit 



X 



self-composed has-concluded as-commanded 

Writing Exercise. 
In-response magnanimously magnificently magnifier 
conquer (cong-kr) foreshadow disconnect disinterested 
reconciliation recommendation recognition and-consider- 
ably a-contract intercept interpose anticipation introduc- 
tion recomposition reconvene recommit counterfeiter 
counterpane counterbalance. 



100 SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 

LESSON LVII. 

AFFIXES. 
Ingly, Ing-their. 

seemingly calling-their lovingly 

. /:Z^ ^ ^.=..1^ 

willing^ losing their knowingly 

I-ing, Ow-ing, Ew-ing. 



^"'- r \ ^. 



V </ 



A 

buying trying allowing plowing viewing 

Ble, Ely, Billty. 




^ \ 



respectable-i lity sensible-y-ility profitable-y 
Bleness, Fulness, Someness. 



o 

serviceableness faithfulness lonesomeness 



SANDERS' SlIOllTIIAND LESSONS. 101 

Lessness. 

^ — o 

c—O 



recklessness carelessness listlessness 
Ology, A logy. 



i 





theology mineralogy physiology 

1 :> X 



^ 



?- 



zoology phrenology chronological 

Ship, Shop. 



y 9 1:^ 



hardship friendship dramshop 



^^ 



whithersoever howsoever man's self 



102 SANDERS' SHOUTttAND LESSONS. 



c 



LESSON LVIII. 

SPECIAL LESSON. 



1 



thief mostly mistake thereto 



\ 



/\ 



Dear Sir onto My Dear Sir 



f 



^ 



yours truly yours respectfully 



rv 



r 





very truly 



Messrs. therefore 




V_ 



hereafter heretofore afternoon 



^-^ 



altogether although prosperity 



SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 103 



LESSON LIX. 

VOWEL PHRASES. 



of-the of-a-aii all-the all-a-an 

-^ _w____ ^ _k_ 

to-the to-a-an or-a-an but-the-he 

L, 

but-a-an on-the oiight-tbe-he 

A first, second, or upright third position word may be 
written below the line to imply a prefix to or to-the. 



to-come to-go to-give to-day to-do to-t lie-son 

Note. — The young writer should use this principle 
with some degree of caution. 



104 SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



LESSON LX. 

Writing Exercise. 

The respectable and sensible gentleman is buying that 
counterfeit dollar. My dear sir, yon may please discon- 
tinue your magnanimous discussion for the present. I 
forewarn the thief in his recklessness. Although his 
prosperity heretofore has been unbounded, nevertheless, 
notwithstanding, hereafter I anticipate he will willingly 
work for a dollar a day. His lordship studies theology, 
mineralogy, physiology, zoology, and phrenology. I 
am onto you, and you are onto me. The self-composed 
lady did as commanded. In reply to your letter of the 
first instant. If I mistake not, I am in receipt of her 
letter of even date. Will the physician arrive on the 
steamboat to-day? Plowing corn is more profitable than 
half-way work in any study. Now, you soon will be a 
practical phonographer. 



SANDERS SHORTIIANJ) LESSONS. 



105 



LESSON LXI. 

CONTRACTIONS. 



..v^. 



/ 



afterward 



\^ capable 

I disadvantage 
forward 



^ 



inconsistent 

indiscriminate 
ion 



^>v indispensable 



influential 



v_y intelligent 

I intelligence 

/ intelligible 

^ investigation 



a/ 







r\ 



z. 



. manuscript 

onward 

probable- 
ility 

remarkable 

return 

transcrijjt 

transgress 

understand 

understood 

purpose 

perhaps 
shorthand 



106 Sanders' shorthand lessons. 

REMARKS AND SUGGESTIONS. 

The principles that ])ractica.lly embody our shorthand 
course are now completed. This division of the book 
may be termed the Primary Course. 

One week's review would be well spent before passing 
to the next series of lessons — the Outline or Intermediate 
Course. It is very important that the principles be fre- 
quently and thoroughly reviewed. 

Ere a fair rate of speed has been reached, sad experi- 
ence has taught many students that their study of the 
shorthand principles was hurriedly and entirely too su- 
perficial for their "own good selves." Hence, my honest 
reason for giving extended and appropriate exercises 
throughout this course^ the pillar upon which you lean 
in all your future work. I would suggest that you dis- 
abuse yourself of the idea that with the end of the Pri- 
mary Course all responsibility for the beginning lessons 
terminates. 

Up to this point you may have received much personal 
instruction, and were somewhat negligent as to your 
part of the work. If this be so, I would, however, sug- 
gest that in future you try to do a little more thinking 
on your own account. 

The words composing each set of principles have been 
selected with great care — many of which will be used 
daily, even in routine work. 

The characters purposely have been made large for 
convenience in study, and to suit the eyes of all students. 
Henceforth — for actual practice — the characters will be 
found somewhat smaller. 

As to ''^ great speed," keep it out of your mind until 
you " learn how to write shorthand." That often abused 
word we call "speed" some bright, sunny day will visit 



SANDERs' SHORTHAND LESSONS. l07 

you to remain your constant companion (maybe) — with- 
out special invitation and all unawares. 

By the way, in the conclusion of these scattering 
thoughts I must not fail to speak a word of encourage- 
ment to that timid, nervous (not lazy or indifferent) 
student. The trials, disasters, and disappointments of 
life bring to us in the end increased usefulness and hap- 
piness. However dark the cloud that overshadows 
deserving students, it is sure to pass away and leave 
them shining forth at last with steady and cloudless 

light. 

JSTever become discouraged in your work. Employ 
your time well. Be prompt in everything you under- 
take to do. Carefully examine into every detail of your 
lessons. Then work hard and you will be certain to 
succeed. If you fret and yawn and make a great idiot 
of yourself, your neighbor classmates will look at you 
with tears in their eyes and be so surprised and sorry. 



OUTLINE COURSE. 



110 Sanders' shorthand lessons. 

DAYS OF THE WEEK. 

Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesda}^ 



} 1 ] 



Thursday Friday Saturday 

MONTHS OF THE YEAR. 



A 



4- 



7 

January February March April 



77^—/^ 



May June 



July 



August 



J=^ 



September October November December 



A small cross may be written under an outline to con- 
tract it; as didn't for did-not, don't for do-not, etc. 



Sanders' shorthand lessons. Ill 



OUTLINING. 

An outline may be composed of one or more consonant 
strokes, and, being written in its accented vowel position 
in sentences, often stands alone without a single vocali- 
zation. Experience, however, teaches the writer when 
to insert a vowel. The aid of a little vowel on the sim- 
plest words often saves many precious moments in read- 
ing the context. 

Until a speed of at least seventy-five words per minute 
has been acquired the student should vocalize almost 
indiscriminately. 

Many forms for word signs are often used as outlines. 
For example, the word sign for dollar is written as an 
outline for the word die; the word sign do for aid^ ode, 
doe, day; the word sign had for add, due, and so on with 
other words. 

A thorough knowledge of outlining is so indispensable 
to the shorthand writer that I would specially urge the 
student to acquire its principle as soon as possible. 

A most excellent method for outline study is to take 
the 7^oot or primitive and build, as it were, from that out- 
line. Thus, turn (t-ray-n-hook), turner (add the r), twni- 
ing (add the ing), turns (add the iss), etc. 

As a rule the tenses and participles may be represented 
(understood by the context) by the form of the present 
tense. Thus, represent, represented, representing; com- 
plain, complained, complaining, etc. For reporting con- 
tractions see expedients. 



112 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



V 



v^ 



Q D 



) 



^-s-^ 



-/- 



c-i-° 4 



.<^ 



^A-^ 



"^^^^^ 



fe- 



'U ^ L 



c-h^ 



1 



K 



^ 



=L 



xz 



^ V 



n 



I 



^ X 



V 



c 



X 



::^ £> 






h 



Sanders' shorthand lessons. 113 




( - > - 



.^ 




1 i^ s ^^^ 



^ 



^ ^ 



V 



<r-a 



^•< 



V 



■Uw /^^ 1 } 



V 



\=^ 



V 



^^_L 



:\ 






zi 



k. 



^ A-^ 



114 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



Lamb Station, Minn., Jan. 1, 1894. 
Dear Cousin — I will now answer your letter. It is 
raining and the most dismal day I have lately witnessed. 
It is dreary enough in the city, but how ineffably more 
drear is it in the country. I have never in all the 
course of my wanderings encountered so dismal a place 
as the country where I now reside. I will try to 
describe my surroundings. I live in an old-fashioned 
house. About fifty yards in front of my home is Lamb 
Station. It has an appropriate name, as the majority 

iV represented when following straight consonants by 
the unnatural joining of curve letters only. 



/ 3 v.. ^ 



Johnson Benson Janesville Kansan 



Jw ^^ 



dancing prancing Gainesville pouncing 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



115 



1 



\r 






'^^^ 



/^ 



-7^ 



i^ 



V^ 



•UA ]> 



«p» 




1^ 



v^ 



<:i^ 



_c=l: 



-i<^ 



1 



<^ 



.^^ 



V 



J/ 



T 



_x- 



W~^ 



^^/ 



/ 



V 



^-W^44^ 



^ 



Ji: 



h/LJX 



-25_ 




116 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



of passengers that get on consist of people by the name 
of Lamb. 

I wonder if cousin would be so impolite as to laugh if 
I should say I have six very little chicks and a little 
banty hen, not much larger than her chicks. I went 
out the other day to see about her. She was in a terrible 
state of excitement. May, that terrible little sis, had her 
chicks under a water bucket. Banty was flopping her 
wings furiously. She would give a jump, banty would, 
and down she would come on May's back. I hardly 

NUMERALS. 



twenty thirty forty fifty sixty 



seventy eighty ninety hundred thousand million 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



117 



V 



v^ 



( / 



p - \ 



\ 



V. 



T^s^^ 



^ 



1 



1^^ <g 



v^^AJ 




118 Sanders' shorthand lessons. 



know which was the most frightened, they or the little 
game hens. I released the chickens, much to the old 
hen's delight. 

I can never describe the country. I don't know what 
to call things. But I can give j^ou the latest item 
of news. I returned a visit of my neighbor some time 
ago. I walked in. I didn't stand back on ceremony. 
The aforesaid neighbor was baking a cake. She was 
very communicative. She said she was ''about 
to get spliced.'' I misunderstood her. I thought 
she was referring to the spice in her cake, until 

"STEH" LOOP OMITTED. 




~7- 

postmaster post office postal card postpone 





postscript testify justify must-be 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



Ill) 



>y 



^ 



I 




V 




-/- 



>- 



.i^ 




V 



L 



V 



/<! 1^ 



\ 



V 



"X^ 



?f 



1 



jf v. ^ 



^^ 



:VN,^ 



X 






i:^-. 



- >'-^ /V ( ^ A 



5- 



^ 



z 



120 SANDERS* SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



she repeated she was "about to get off with a handsome 
Jinan that all the girls were envious of." I helped her 
bake the cake. She professed it was the prettiest cake 
she ever saw, except when Matilda Jane "got spliced 
last fall." She left me in total ignorance of whom Ma- 
tilda was. I inferred it was her kin. I was to that 
wedding, being one of a hundred that witnessed the 
marriage. This rustic maiden was dressed in the green- 
est dress you ever saw. I must close. 

Prom your cousin Maude. 



"W OMITTED. 



> — ^ 

pencil council-sel cancel 



v^ 



Chancellor Chancery changeable 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



121 



J A\ 



y ' ( > 

'Zi — ^ •" ::> 



\ ^^/V 



H. 



-^ 



=r ^ 




y\^) 



i: 



•k^ 



/^ 






> ^^^) 



^ 



■3 / V 



) 



N^ 



11 







SANDERS SHOKTllANl) LESSONS. 



New York, P^eb. 5, 1894. 
William Cook & Co., Jackson, Mich. 

Gentlemen — Your letter of 2nd iiist. received. In 
reply to which I would say that I am now retir- 
ing from the retail business, and in consequence offer 
ni}^ entire stock of new goods (all selected for fall 
and winter trade) at an immense reduction from reg- 
ular prices. Having only a short time in which to 
sell everj^thing, the most I am aiming to get for any 
article is cost, therefore an unusual opportunity is pre- 
sented to yon for supplying your wants at about one- 
half the prices you would have to pay in any other 

"STER" FOR STORE OR HER. 



My store 3'our store hardware store 

I missed her he kissed her they lost her 



SANDEKS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



123 



:t. 



\ <^ f^/ 



-LJ. 



^ ^^ 



/■s 



^, 



\ 



^2 



^. 



V 



^ 



( 



::!. 



•^^-r^ A 



\ 





Q? 



■■-^ /Lo"\ 



WL. 



c 



::? 



::^Z1 




^»-V 



L 



-^ 



z:^ 






j-x- 



124 SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



store, or what I would have to ask but for the fact 
that I am retiring from the business. 

Being old acquaintances, I would rather sell to you 
at a loss than to a stranger for a better price. 

I will close out my entire stock of fine clothing at less 
than cost of manufacture. Only lately T received an 
elegant line of overcoats, bought at a bargain, which 
will be included in the lot. 

There also has accumulated many broken lots, on 
which I will make a sweeping reduction to close them 
out. 

Please wire me what you will do. 

Eespectfully, Ja3ies Johnson. 

"ISS" FOR HOUSE; " SES " FOR HOUSES. 



£_ 



my house your house in the house 



"^ 



t 



our houses vour houses at his house 



SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 125 




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12(3 SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



Hamilton, Ohio, November 8, 1893. 

Melville E. Stone — Eeplying to your inquiry, I believe 
that the result of the recent election shows that Ohio 
was merely sharing in the general shaking up which the 
Democratic party is receiving all along the line from 
Massachusetts to Iowa. 

The business depression is attributed by the partisans 
and unthinking portion of our people to the present 
Federal Administration. The ex-soldiers are somewhat 
moved by the needless fear that they will be not justly 
and liberally dealt with. There is a natural ebbing of 
the tide from the great flow of last year. These are the 
causes. J. E. Campbell. 









INITIALS. 




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O U. S. J. W. and so forth etc 



SANDKU.S SUORTIIAND r,ESS0N8. 



127 



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128 



SANDEK8 SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



Louisville, Ky., Dec. 9, 1893. 
President Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Co. 

Dear Sir — I am pleased to say that I have been in- 
sured in the Northwestern Life Insurance Company 
since 1887, and I am greatly pleased with my invest- 
ment; so much so, in fact, that I have taken out three 
additional policies, making altogether the sum of $50,- 
000, the full limit of the Northwestern on a single life. 
The affairs of the company are safe and conservatively 
managed. They pa}^ promptly and are exceedingly fair 
and liberal in their dealings with their policy-holders. 

Very respectfully yours, Frank Stewart. 



ENLARGED BRIEFS. 



c 


with what 
we were 


u 


ye were 
ye would 


c. 


were we 
were with 


_u... 


you were 
yet were 


3 


what we 
what were 

would we 
would what 


c 

.c. 


with you 


...D... 


were you 


n 


beyond you 


o 


what you 


.n^ 


you would 


n. 


would you 



SANDEK8' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 129 



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130 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



MoREHEAD City, N. C, June 10, 1893. 
Mr. Geo. W. Turner, Terre Haute, Ind. 

My Dear Friend — We received your letter in due time, 
and are glad to learn that you will soon visit us. We ex- 
tend a hearty welcome, and recognizing, as we do, the 
great necessity for rest and recreation during your annual 
visit to the seashore, and which you so well deserve, 
after your arduous labors in the pursuit of your high 
and honorable calling, we can assure you that no trouble 
or expense will be spared to make your stay with us an 
enjoyable one in every respect, so that when the time 
comes to leave it will be with regret. 

Sincerely yours, Thomas Owens. 



o 


is his, is as 
his is, his has 

as his, as has 
has his, has as 


is his as 
r ^ his is as 
\ y his has as 


..Q.. 


as his is 
/'"^ as his has 
V, J has his as 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



131 



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132 SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



ANNOUNCEMENT. 

We take pleasure in announcing that Mr. B. L. Perry 
will manage the Atlantic Hotel the approaching season. 
Mr. Perry has had many years experience in conducting 
Southern hotels, and thoroughly understands his business. 
He appreciates the wants of the people, and knows full 
well how to cater to their pleasure and comfort. It is 
his purpose to keep the house open until October Ist, or 
later, if a sufficient number desire to remain. In order 
to meet the demands occasioned by the scarcity of 
money, he will make his terms to correspond. The new 
management pledges itself to leave nothing undone that 
will contribute to the pleasure and comfort of the guests. 

For information apply to Mr. Perry. 




spoke of the subject action of the party 



V 



one of the most beasts of the field 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



133 



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134 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



MARKETS. 

Business in merchandise markets has been of only 
moderate proportions during the past week, and it is 
probable that, as during the preceding week, pig iron 
has been about the only article that has been at all 
active. There have been some large sales, and prices 
have been fairly sustained. Dry goods have been inac- 
tive, as the holiday season hasn't yet begun. Breadstuffs 
have been rather slow, but a firm general feeling has 
prevailed. Flour and wheat have remained steady, 
while corn shows an advance at the close of Ic, oats |c., 
and rye 3c. In provisions there has been a weakening 
of cured stuff, with but little general trading, the market 
closing quiet and firm. 



OUTLINES. 



V^ 



^ 



combinations amanuensis-ses 



y^^ 




ammonia 



dahlia 



Vandalia 



\ 



railway 



gateway Broadway 



Sanders' shorthand lessons. 135 



\c _J> 



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136 SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



MARKETS CONTINUED. ^ 

Cotton steady and quiet; middling Tic. Groceries 
easy and inactive. Whisky steady and in fair demand. 
Money has been easy throughout, with only a moderate 
borrowing demand. On Saturday there was a little im- 
provement, and banks were very ready to supply the 
wants of applicants at 6 per cent, on time and 5 per 
cent, on call. There were only moderate negotiations 
by brokers of call loans at 4 per cent, upon collateral. 
Exchange on New York was scarce and strong, with 
sales between banks at 70c per $1,000 premium. 

DISJOINED CONSONANTS. 

I. 



Keokuk prepaid dated 



V. 



superabundance preponderance 



^^ 



critic pretender preposterous 




SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 137 



Ll 



71 g-P. 



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138 SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 

LEGAL NOTICE. 

John L. Murphy, whose residence with reasonable 
diligence cannot be ascertained, and whose residence is 
unknown, will take notice that on the 12th day of July^ 
1893, "The Western German Loan and Building Com- 
pany" filed its petition in the Common Pleas Court of 
Hamilton County, Ohio, in case No. 96,678, against said 
John L. Murphy et al., praying for the foreclosure of a 
mortgage given by Amelia M. Leslie and her husband to 
plaintiff herein, and sale of the following described 
premises, to wit: All that certain piece or parcel 
of land known, numbered and designated as lot 'No. 
twenty-eight (28), Bast Northwood Syndicate Subdi- 
vision, Columbia Township, as platted in Plat-book 

EXPEDIENTS. 



i^ 



part-of rate-of at-the-rate-of 



9 • 



v^ 



Pawn Broker Shop Ladies and Gentlemen 



^ 



D 



Fellow Citizens Brothers and Sisters 



SANBERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 139 







" ' --^^ t- /^ <. " 



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140 Sanders' shorthand lessons. 

7, page 128, Hamilton County (Ohio) Plat Eecords, 
fronting 50 feet on Poplar Avenue, and running back in 
parallel lines 99.87 feet, being part of the same premises 
conveyed to Amelia M. Leslie, as per deed recorded in 
Deed-book, 679, page 2, Hamilton County (Ohio) Eec- 
ords, and other relief Said mortgage was given to 
secure the repayment of $250 advanced by plaintiff to 
said Amelia M. Leslie. 

Said John L. Murphy is required to answer on or be- 
fore the 25th day of December, 1893, or judgment may 
be taken against him. 

EiCHARD B. Werner, Attorney, 
Northeast cor. Court and Walnut. 



PHRASES. 



^ 



May-it-please-your-Honor May-it-please-the-Court 



^ 



Gentlemen-of-the-Jury Jurisdiction-of-the-Court 



— ^=^- 

party-of-the-first-part party-of-the-second-part 




^ 



SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



141 



-^ 



ix. 




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1. "i 



cH 



142 SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



NOTICE OF DISSOLUTION. 

The partnership heretofore existing between us under 
the firm name of Peterson & Fitzpatrick has this day 
been dissolved by mutual consent, S. Q. Peterson retir- 
ing. J. G. Pitzpatrick & Co. will continue the business, 
assume all liabilities, and are authorized to collect all 
accounts due us. S. Q. Peterson, 

J. G. Fitzpatrick. 

In retiring from the above firm, I desire to thank my 
friends for the liberal patronage bestowed upon us, and 
ask a continuance of same for my successors. 

S. Q. Peterson. 

Quincy, 111., Oct. 4, 1893. 

PHRASES, ETC. 



J 



Jurisprudence Eelator Habeas Corpus 
d^z::^ --^, ^r — ^ 



\ 



Jerusalem Notary-Public Universalism 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



143 



p 



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1 



f 






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Z.=^ 



::^ 









\ 






144 SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



ANNUAL MEETING OF THE SHAREHOLDERS OF 

THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF 

NASHVILLE, TENN. 

The regular annual meeting of the shareholders of the 
First National Bank will be held at its banking house, 
in this city, on Tuesday, Jan. 9, 1894, for the purpose of 
voting upon a resolution to reduce the number of Direct- 
ors and fixH^ the number at fifteen, and of electing 
Directors to serve for the ensuing year. 

The hours of election will be from 10 a.m. to 1 p.m. 

H. W. Grantland, Cashier. 

PHRASES. 




State-whether-or-not Please-state 



state your name Where-do-you-live 



Do-you-know Where-do-you-reside 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



145 



^-tX > , 



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10 



146 SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



ADMINISTRATOR'S SALE OF FURNITURE AND 
CARPETS. 

I will sell at auction, on the premises, at No. 709 
North College Street, on Monday, Dec. 18, at 10 o'clock, 
a very large assortment of furniture, carpets, rugs, and 
matting, one fine piano, seven large mirrors, parlor and 
dining room furniture, 25 pairs lace curtains, cotton 
and hair mattresses, bedding, a large lot of China, glass, 
and queen's ware. All the above articles good as new. 
Housekeepers and dealers should attend this sale. 

J. P. Patterson, Executor. 

Barnes & Co., Auctioners. 



PHRASES. 



c- 



k= 



Is-your-mother-there Do-you-know-whether-there 



LA 



would-there what-their Jf^et-their 



can-there could-their can't-take-it 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



147 




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4 



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V 



VI. 






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^ " ' 7 



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/ \ v.. 



^V^ 




A 



.^xV._ 



148 SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 

L. & N. SHORT LINE REBUILT. 

The Louisville & Nashville Eailroad Company has re- 
built "The Short Line" between Louisville & Cincinnati. 

All bridges have been reneAved with steel striictures of 
the most approved style of construction, designed for 
the heaviest rolling stock. 

All culverts have been rebuilt and enlarged, so as to 
make the drainage of the roadbed perfect. 

Track entirely relaid with new steel rail, weighing 
seventy pounds to the yard. 

Eoad ballasted with broken stone, rendering the line 
entirely free from dust. 

Curves have been removed and readjusted to conform 
to best modern practice. 

Depot facilities excel those of any competing line. 

Writing Exercise. 
Bear Sir. — The canvass for Congressman has, in a cer- 
tain sense, opened, and that very vigorously. My ene- 
mies are extremely busy, and do not confine themselves 
to legitimate methods of canvassing. They are attempt- 
ing to stab me in the back, while I am here attending 
to my public duties. I cannot neglect these duties and 
leave the district unrepresented Avhen important meas- 
ures are pending; and I must, therefore, throw myself 
upon the indulgence of my friends and ask their help. 
I assure you I intend to make this race, and I do not 
intend to make a defensive race. I ask your support, 
and I would take it as a favor if you would send me the 
names of the Democrats in your neighborhood, and cor- 
respond with me from time to time. 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



149 



-?^ /< / 



^y -^ 



/^^^ 




jlZL 



A 



If* ;?/^// 



-7-^ 

./^l 




^ 



\. 






At 







150 SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 

L. & N. CONTINUED. 

Passengers having choice of departing from or enter- 
ing Cincinnati at either Central Union Station or Louis- 
ville & Nashville and Pennsylvania Station. 

At Louisville, trains arrive at and depart from new 
Union Station, corner 10th and Broadway, from which 
street cars radiate to all parts of the city. 

A marked decrease in time has been made on its train 
service between Louisville and Cincinnati. 

The scenery between Louisville and Cincinnati by ^' The 
Short Line" is ever varying and pleasing to the eye. 

With four daily trains in each direction, it presents to 
the traveler a line unrivaled in construction, comfort, 
safety, and equipment. 

Copying Exercise. 

COMMERCIAL. 

Business is rather of a desultory character this week. 
Very few orders are coming in from the countrj^, and 
there is very little shipping doing. Jobbing and whole- 
sale merchants, as well as retail dealers, are this week 
looking after collections and rounding up profits and 
losses and getting themselves into position for the open- 
ing of the New Year. The grocery market is quiet, with 
prices fairly steady. Pork products rule easy at quota- 
tions on account of lower prices in the West. The re- 
ceipts of eggs are up to the demand, and the market is 
rather weak at quotations. There is very little demand 
for poultry, and butter is easy at the prices. 



^ 



SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



151 







D 



r 



6 



^^ 



T 



D 



A 



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At 



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vx. 



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-^ 



152 Sanders' shorthand lessons. 

an argument 
Has been printed by authority of the Ways and Means 
Committee, showing, from a Democratic standpoint, the 
necessity of the changes effected by the new administra- 
tive bill just reported by Chairman Wilson and his col- 
leagues. This argument gives a full explanation of the 
reasons why the committee, in its recent tariff bill, aban- 
doned the specific duty in so many cases in favor of an 
ad valorem duty. The Democratic party, this circular 
contends, is charged with the grave responsibility of 
effecting a complete revision of the existing customs 
tariff, to the end that the burdens of taxation, rendered 
heavier by the McKinley bill, may be lightened. 

The McKinley bill, however, was not the only legisla- 
tion of the Fifty-first Congress which caused dissatisfac- 
tion. 

(To be reported in two minutes and transcribed in ten.) 
DRY GOODS. 
The dry goods market continued quiet, and shows all 
the holiday characteristics, with the exception of the 
significant fact that an unusual number of small orders 
are reaching the market, showing that the interior is 
carrying small stocks, and that the trade is obliged to 
adjust their assortments, even at a time of the year 
when general apathy is looked for. Quite a number of 
orders are being placed for cotton goods at unchanged 
prices, but the orders are small. Print cloths are easing 
off a little under the influence of lower raw material. 
Prints and printed fabrics are quiet. Ginghams and 
woven wash fabrics are holding up very well. Hosiery 
and underwear show dullness, with the heavy weights 
inclined to weakness. The same is true of woolen goods 
generally. Foreign dry goods are dull and unchanged. 
The jobbing trade is quiet and generally featureless. 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



153 



J-^ 



4 



^^ 



^_v 



\ 



-^ L ^^ ^ 



^ 



1 







J3 



^ 




/7o>.<7^/ 



3 



154 SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 

PHRASES. 



.0— g 



rL 



\. ^ L 



As-80on-as as-well-as for-us-his if-his it-is-has-not 

of-course on-the-contraiy should-be should-the-he 
4 



A V^g — ^ 

should-do that-is we-have-seen you-may 

you-are you-can you-will-do in-his 

I ^ V r — 

at-his upon-his-us you-have as-much-as 



'-^ ■-, ^ ■) 



/ 



hese 

1 



in-these in-those as-if there-on 

\ 



I ^ 



there-of it-would, it-had they-would. they-had 



Sanders' shorthand lessons. 155 



PHRASES. 

Phrases Governed by the First Word in Its Proper 
Position. 

If-you for-you you-may I-am who-are i-can may-have 

all-the all-must I-am-sure to-his he-is-not he-has-not he- 

does-not so-as-to should-the I-will-do-so if-there-is if-we 

have-been from-^^our could-be it-would-be which-would- 

be it-is-necessary which-has-been it-has-been for-your 

can-be such-has-been you-mus(t)-not-be for-you-are it- 

should-be upon-them they-were you-will-find. 

Phrases Governed by the Second Word in Its Proper 
Position. 

And-were I-do I-ho^De in-those in-every-respect I-had 

I-thank as-these and-thus and-with and-for in-each of- 

each of-which of-much I-shall-be of-these and-when-the 

and-is and-his and-as and-has a-few in-this-instance and- 

give and-go and-sell I-ask I-took I-found I-do-not I-had- 

not I-sat and-should and-he and-come. 



156 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 
PRINCIPAL CITIES. 



:j^^J= 



^ 



New York Chicago Philadelphia Brookljm 



7^^ 



Sf^"^^ 



Q_a. 



St. Louis Boston Baltimore San Francisco 

Q S — ^ ^ 



New Orleans Cincinnati Cleveland Washino-ton 



4 



\- 



V 



"^r 



Pittsburg Milwaukee St. Paul Portland 



7^ 



Indianapolis Louisville Minneapolis Toledo 



-^=^ ~ 



Atlanta Charleston Columbus London 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 157 

STATES. 



"N- -^ /I- 



o ^- -7 



Me. N. H. Vt. 



E.I. 



Conn. N. Y. N. J. Del. Pa. 



VY 



Md. N. C. S. C. Fla. Ga. 



v^ 



Va. W. Ya. O. Mich. Ind. 



Ky. Tenn. Ala. Miss. La. 



1 



Tex. Ark. Mo. 111. Wis. 



158 SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 

STATES CONTINUED. 



n 



t 



:::^ 



Minn. IST. Dak. S. Dak. la. 



^ 



Neb. 



Kan. Col. Cal. 

COUNTRIES. 



— V 

America G-ermany England France 

Ireland Scotland Italy Spain 

^- -^ ^ ^ 

Turkey Eussia Austria China 



Mexico Brazil Cuba Africa 



SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 159 

RECAPITULATION. 

Sip soap soup step stoop sob side sty ships spices stitch 
posts vests casts musters wide wag sweet switch swine 
while where squirrel squeeze worth wash yeast yellow 
toast posy busy lazy fussy posse few cow boys owls 
Owen Noah Louie Deity payee quiet ammonia rheum 
hop hill hymn ahead parry poor fury fair lips elk wel- 
come wealth play pray cross class trim croaker flame 
frame Ethel three official casual treasure cider seeker 
setter stitcher stagger Parker Jasper prosper camel tunnel 
barrel rumor dinner sinner course curse calcine vulgar 
figure shark fail clear scholar moral immoral April trav- 
eler girls scratch brief cufP doves their arrive cover river 
pain ton gun mine fine line run dunce cans Kansas 
pounced fins rains hens against pranced auction passion 
fusion diction evasion allusion conditions rations Hessians 
active operative consecutive detectives combative elec- 
tion elective ammunition remuneration effective restora- 
tive attractive creative conversion instruct inscription 
insecure decision enslave physician insult musician un- 
ceremonious condensation acquisition jumps stumps lamp 
thump extemporize steamboat Stumptown lumber timber 
distemper imbitter imbiber letter smother father lather 
whether enter center Alexander meander wonder wander 
wilder soldier singer banker finger handkerchief yonder 
Yonkers fight light old fold kind mind slant hundred 
end owned mad good bedstead yard yield flight wind 
wound England slightest pants toads patient fashioned 
cautioned ancients impatience impatient sanction sanc- 
tioned imposter. 

I^OTE.— A glance at the prefixes, affixes, word signs, 
and contractions would now be a good idea, before pass- 
ing to the next series of lessons. 



REPORTING STYLE. 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 
REPORTING EXPEDIENTS. 



1G3 



_'\_ 



^ 



...V... 

„^«.... 
v.. 

.Xi... 



practiced 
surprise 

express 

suppress 
expiration 

expression 

suppression 



appearance j__ 

comprehension 

apprehension 

comprehensive 

apprehensive 

practices 



particuhir 



^*\ opportunity 

^ spirit 

Ow support 



^- superintencl-ed- 
•^ — ent-ence 



\>» separate 

separation 
\ >/ portion 

V O _ apportion 
proportion 






— - pi'oportionate 

appropriate 
_-- appropriation 



164 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 
REPORTING EXPEDIENTS. 




1 



prepare 

l)erpetrate 
purport 

perpetuate 
acquisition 



_-------^,.. accession 



accusation 
advertised 
advertisement 
advance-ment 
^ comprehend 



I 

k 
t 



_.f\ apprehend 

artificial 



I 






3 



assignment 
assigned 

astronomy 
assimilate 

assume 
abroad 

assignee 
author 

authors-ize 



J authori ty-tati ve 



auspicious 
J especial 

— ] aspect 



SANDERS SIIOUTIIAND LESSONS. 
REPORTING EXPEDIENTS. 



165 



■\ except 



D accept-ance 

__£ accident 



^^"^^ abundant 

pernicious 
anybody 



■\ 



nobody 
ability 



accuracy 

\ comply 



^ people 
^-- apply 



complication 



v^ 



complexion 



cation 



>5^ applicati 

-/■■ 



--/- 



ah 



huh 




uh-huh (yes) 



ha-ha 



— -X-- uhgh (no) 

V 



arrive 



--";7~- annual 
g angel 



V. 



effect 



.affect 
._ C. applicant 



166 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 
REPORTING EXPEDIENTS. 



-V 

t 

...J.... 

t 

..J.. 



whoa ! 
at-length 

appliance 
experience 

attract 
contract 

attribute 
contribute 

attain 
attainable 

attainment 

sure 

assurance 



1. 



assist-ance 



...q!-... assistant 
^ behind 

_5v beheld, behold 

believer 

belong 



K 



\ 



.}... 



... brethren 



calculate-d-ation 

cessation 
association 



' certain 
., changeable 

*V coDclud-ed 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 
REPORTING EXPEDIENTS. 



167 



r 



child 

/ children 
Christian 



circumstance 



^--uJ-' circumstanti 



commence 



commencement 



commenced 



v ^ O commences 



commonest 



5 compliance 

\ comprehensible- 
ility 



-T-V-— apprehensible-ility 



<H) 



condition 



consequence 



consequent 



consequently '« 

I consider 

I I consideration 

.... 

I consist 

yj consistent 

vi constant 

v/ constituent 

r constitute 

y constitution 

\i constitutionality 



N 



168 



SANDKKS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



REPORTING EXPEDIENTS. 



^ constitutive 




divine 


construct 


1 


eastern 


'<r"" ">> Gonsume 


.z_ 


eh! 


cures 
c ^ curious 


^^J? 


England 


' "^ creation 


^ 


evening 


1 contradict 


...v.... 


evidence 


*- correct 




— - 


'oUl'" 


exact 


1 defendant 


...>... 


exaggerate-d 


1 defense-ive 


.1... 


exaggeration 


1 denominate-ion 








ir:::^.. 


examine-ation 


J direct 




cross-examine- 




<x....5z::5 


ation 


L^-" distinct 


l::n>. 


direct-examina- 
tion 


Ir— ^ <listinguish 




redirect-exami na- 
tion 



Q O 



-V- 
.1.. 

-i- 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 
REPORTING EXPEDIENTS. 



169 




•eeross examina- 
tion 






excuse 

exclusion 

seclusion 

exceptionable \ 
exhibit-ed 

exist 
expeet-ed 

expensive 
explain 

explicit 

explore 

exploration 



/ exquisite 
^f-^,^/^ extemporize 

2._ vT extend-ed 







--n- 



extension 
exterior- 
extract 
extreme 

extremity 

fall, follow 

fallen 
false 

favorite 
extravao;ant-ce 



170 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



REPORTING EXPEDIENTS. 



^ feature 
^ _ fell, fellow 

- ^5^- - - footstep 
V — ^form 




transform 



freedom 



frequent 

p fuller 
\^ failure 

r>v furnish-ed 
^^ furniture 



— \- . , future-ity 
^ generalize 

^ generalized 

J generalization 



^=^^- glory 

glorious 

government 
govern 
governor 
guilt-y 

- half 

X--- halve 

V^ have-been 

Vg^ have-not 
r idle 



Ignorance 
<i— ^ ignorant 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 
REPORTING EXPEDIENTS. 



171 



y 



— imagme-aiy 

imagination 

impatient | \ p 






{ 



impassioned 
imponderable 

impenetrable 

impugned 
immoral-ity 

moral-ity 

immortal-ity 

mortal-ity. 
in-all 

inconsiderable- 
ness 




^^ infinite-y 








infinitude 
information 

inscribe 
inscription 

inscriptive 

insecure 
interior 

intercession 

internal 

intrinsic-al 

rational 

irrational 



172 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 
RE-ORTING EXPEDIENTS. 



.) 






^ 



n- 



is-there 



issue 



junior, jury 
larger 

justice, just-as 

justification 

enlarge 

largest 

lengthen 
lengthened 

lengthy 



'"longer-than 



mental 



mercy 



merciful 

movement 
v.^ P necessary 

^^r^^^^^ next 
^^ _ ^ ^rrrr-^ QO-other 



' another 
no-other-one 

^^^^-j-^--^ another-one 

C«^^ nearly 
nor-will 

\\ obligation 

r occur 



occurrence 



occurs 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 
REPORTING EXPEDIENTS. 



173 



^ 



of it 



J on-eitlier'-hand 



..D-- 



^.S^-. 



on-the-other-hand 



on (the) one-hand 



.C^. only 

>p opposition 



..\- 



position 



SI on 



..\^-. po3sessi« 

I extraordinary 

>. \ operation 



ession 



_^\ _ oppressi 

•^ organ 



'organic 






org-anization 



oro'anized 



ornament 



\ preliminary 

parallel 



_ jr\.^ parliamen t-ary 



-^- 



- patentable 

philanthropy 

— philanthropic 
philanthropist 



^~*^ promulgate-d- 
ion 

^\3 prophetic 



•^^^^^■^=^— questionable 
// realize 



174 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 
REPORTING EXPEDIENTS. 



^ 


realization 


3 

— y — satisfaction 


<J 


real-estate 


^■'^—^ season 


.i2.. 


relation 


Q__/ sectarian 


c/^ 


relative 


(^ secular 


y 


religion 


Q share 

" y^^ assure 


/ 


religious 


— -/ — sharer 


Z' 


reveal, rival 
arrival 


' she- would 
""y ' she-had, issued 




revelation 


significant-ce 

signification 


./?. 


revolution 





/ V^ -evolve 


J significative 






^^"^ single-d 


-q;^-- 


sanguine 


(? 


-^- 


sanguinary 


1 situate-d 





^satisfj-ied-actory 





Zanders' shorthand IlesSon^. 

REPORTING EXPEDIENTS. 



175 





situation 


_v. 


spiritualist 


f^ 


skill 


^ p 


spontaneous 


.<r-.. 


somebody 


__e._- 


state 


iT - -^ 


».3ome-other 


„L- 


stated 


ff_ _, — ^^=^3orae-other-one 


..f... 


slightest 






^ 


fleetest 


-f- 


southeast 






--&- 


southeastern 


_^-- 


latest 


.TyC. 


southwestern 


/^ 


lightest 


.L. 


southern 


""/^~' 


maddest 


..(^.. 


southerner 


^ 


broadest 
brightest 


.V_ 


special 


--V- 


- flattest 


V^ 


spiritualism 


-^^ 


modest 


V. 


spiritualistic 


\^:p 


neatest 



ITG 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 
REPORTING EXPEDIENTS. 



--5^=^- stenography- er-ic 



— r stood 



"*• stranger 



stupendous-ness 



•'-N stupid 

V — -^ sublime 



\- 



subordinate-d-ion 



S^ Q , successful 

^ suggest-ed 



.A. 



suggestion 



y^ suggestive 
superior 




^\ superlative 



— -\^;-7--;upernatiiral 
- S. 'suspend 

^ sustain 
>v supplies 

O suspect 

supreme 



^ suppress 

V ^ suspension 

\\ suspicion 






suspicious 



synonymous 



systems-ize 



certify 



SANDKUS' HIloKTllAND Li:sSONS. 17' 

REPORJING EXPEDIENTS. 

betake j tolerate-d 

mistake H 
toieration 

A overtake P 

— J tolerance 

'N partake ^ ^ i ^ 

i J^ tolerant 

^ retake 

^-O transient 

I undertake — I--- tuition 

^^- tendency J ^'"'^^^ 

t\. P United States 

"" thankful . 

../ there-wdl ^^_rv .^^^..^rse 

I that-there-ir 

— -^ ''^— "'^'V^ universal 

/ the-other _^ 

f— ^-^-^jV..^,''-"iiii^'Grsalism 

_J tolerable -s.^^^ 

\^ 4- university 

/ intolerable Cl-P ' unless, in-all-his 

12 



178 



SANDEKS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 
REPORTING EXPEDIENTS. 









unsecured 

virtual-ly 

virtue 

virtuous 

virtuously 

wisher 

with-me-my 

with-him 
with-their 

you-be 

you-do 
you -had 

you-shall 
j^ou-have 



~ "^ — you-tbink 
!^-/ir\ abrupt 

-\^ — absurd-ity 
S:. : aggrega te 



/■■ 



v_ 



agency 
American 

market 
merchant 

memorandum 
memory 

first-class 

requirement 

requirements 

recollect 



Sanders' shorthAnb lessons. 

REPORTING EXPEDIENTS. 



179 



\s: '■ " '■ 


z^ 


republic-ish 


__^ wound-ed 


.A 


republican 


*^-- swooned 


^ 


republication 


^ swindle-d 


_V_. 


penetrate 


p swindler 


..\?_. 


penetration 


^ yes, sir 


/ 


_^ theater 


no, sir 
. :v^_P._ necessar}^ 


in some 
- handsome 




X 


it will not 


y^ secretary 


C/^ 


which will not 


_V^-.. affidavit 


^ 


we will not 


/^"^ electric-ity 




we are not 


hotel 


were not 


X agent 


-::l_ 


are not 



180 



Sandeks shorthand LEI^SONS. 
REPORTING EXPEDIENTS. 





■V 



numerous 



remunerate 



-V 



rem liner 



•ative p 



remunera- 
tion 

remit-ted 



remittance 



chandelier 



retired 



retirino^ 



surveyor 



philosophy 



mmimum 



bill of lading 






bills of lading- 
car load 
telegraph 

telephone 

outfit 

articles 

defeat 
descendant 

indorse 

indorsed 

indorsement 

indorser 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 
REPORTING EXPEDIENTS. 



181 



y 





administra- 
tor 

administra- 
tion 

administra- 
tive 

■ executor 
corpus delicti 

de jure 

c est e que 
trust 

ne exeat 
mittimus 

assumpsit 
attorney 



attorney-at- 
law 

justice of the 
peace 




■t*- 




per annum 

post mortem 



ad satisfa- 
ciendum 

ad respond- 
endum 



penitentiary 

Constantino- 
ple 



182 SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 

REPORTING EXPEDIENTS. 



.t/.. 



exasperate 

venture 
vendor 

thunder 



_^. stereotyped 

I X dictionary 



indefatigable 
individual 

-inconvenient 



insurmountable 

I ^ 

L-^'"^^— :> delinquent 



"1 



indicted 



..>4._, 



.^... 



undoubted 



latitude 



■-7^- 




altitude 
reciprocity 
reserve 
resemble 

scoundrel 

simplify 

simplification 

speculate-d 
rhetoric 

prejudice 

_ temperature 

testament 

tabernacle 



SANDER8' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 183 

OUTLINE PRACTICE. 

Sugar, molasses, pure leaf lard, soap, California prunes, 
lump starch, maccaroni, choice preserves, cucumber pick- 
les, mixed nuts, fresh soda crackers, pealed peaches, 
canned blackberries, canned corn, string beans, grated 
pineapple, tomatoes, French peas, Arkansas fruit, Balti- 
more oysters, choice quality imported sardines, cheese, 
coffee, pork products, rice, salt, sauerkraut, beans, bees- 
wax, shoulders, mackerel, vegetables, raspberries, straw- 
berries, cherries, pears, salmon, mustard, hay, brooms, 
wool, seeds, hides, nails, lemons, oranges, ginseng, tallow, 
turkeys, chickens, geese, poultry, peanuts, feathers, butter, 
broom corn, meal, flour, barley, rye, oats, corn, wheat, 
cotton, hogs, cattle, sheep, horses, beeves, goats, mules, 
steers, apricot, cabbage, turnips, asparagus, stoves, heat- 
ers, soot, gaslight, shoes, suits, breeches, anthracite, sil- 
ver, coke, gold, grain bags, sacks, currycombs, hickory- 
nuts, walnuts, pig iron, quicksilver, liniment, turpentine, 
sweet oil, smallpox, glass, whisky, beer, sarsaparilla, 
onions, garlic, potash, sassafras, steamboats, watermelon, 
pumpkin, harness, hearse, lemonade, candy, bitters, bon- 
net, hat, dress, shirt, collar, cravat, suspenders, towels, 
washbowl, chandelier, socks, stockings, boots, vaccina- 
tion, bombarding, troops, reconnoitering, recapitulation, 
murder, suicide, slaughterhouse, mayhem, calico, flannel, 
factory cotton, gingham, sewing machine, generously, 
pamphlets, hierarchy, warm, nominal, cardinal, arch- 
bishop, praiseworthy, seminary, cemetery, prejudicial, 
sharpshooter, gratuitous, distribution, utilized, approba- 
tion, eminence, eminent, imminent, willingly, innumera- 
ble, calumnies, conference, apostolic, perpetuity, wisdom, 
persecution, dogmatic, champion, accomplishment, effica- 
ciouSj multitude, fervent, Vancouver, meanwhile. 



184 SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



A SENTENCE. 

It rarely falls to the lot of the court to discharge so 
painful a duty as devolves upon it in this case. You 
stand at this bar convicted of the crime of murder of a 
fellow-being, and it is incumbent on me to pronounce 
sentence upon you. 

You have had a fair and impartial trial, and you 
have been defended by counsel whose zeal and devotion 
in your behalf merit the highest praise and compel the 
admiration of the Court. 

I do not think that i can fairly be subjected to the 
criticism that I did not allow you the widest latitude in 
the presentation of evidence that in any way tended to 
establish the defense made for j'ou, and you w^ere given 
the benefit of all presumptions which the law says you 
are entitled to have. 

Despite all this, you have been found guilty in accord- 
ance with the well-established principles of law and 
evidence governing trials of this kind. Possibly a large 
part of this community would, for the sake of the repu- 
tation of this great city, upon whom the eyes of the 
world were at that time riveted, have been comforted if 
the verdict of the jury had established the fact that 
your act was that of a mentally irresponsible person, 
but the result of the trial denies people that comfort. 



SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



^,.,-..1 



185 




X 



.<rT-r:-^ v^. L:r::'i. 

.s^ 3-..J. l.^..\^.ru... 



\:.:\r^/..Cl^..:::2/ 




x 



(^ iT^hV.-^ 



LI 







186 SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



The evidence did not establish that you were acting 
under an insane dehision which irresistibly impelled you 
to the commission of an act which you did not discern 
to be wrong and over which you had not the power to 
exercise control. 

The jury has found that when you committed the act 
you fully understood it and its consequences, and that 
you might have controlled your actions if you had so 
willed, and that your own misguided will was the sole 
impulse to the commission of the deed. 

No imaginary inspiration to do personal wrong under 
a delusion or belief that some great public benefit will 
flow from it, when the nature of the act done and its 
probable consequences and that the act is in itself wrong 
are known to the actor, can amount to the insanity 
which in law disarms it of criminality. 

Situated as you are, I would not say anything to you 
for the mere purpose of harrowing up your feelings or 
causing you unnecessary pain. The solemn, painful 
duty now devolves upon me to impose the sentence and 
judgment of the law, which is that you, between the 
hours of 10 o'clock in the forenoon and 2 o'clock in the^ 
§tc, 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



187 



'...v:^ ) u w 







f / • 





J: 



^.p.'^l.'^.^^'r::^ 




188 SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 

DICTATION. 

DONALDSONVILLE, La. 

Dear Uncle Punch — While glancing over the columns 
of last Sunday's " Children's Department," I noticed that 
Sholto Douglass was the first of the many cousins to 
comply with your request in regard to the cousins giving 
an account of their trip to the World's Fair. His letter 
was read with much interest; in fact, all the letters were 
very interesting, and to my knowledge they were some 
of the longest that have appeared [75] in the '' Children's 
Department " for some time. Hawk Eye asks : '^ Where is 
Joshua Hayseed?" I ask the same. But do not be 
surprised, Cousin Hawk (for nothing is surprising now- 
adays), to hear he has fallen into a Eip Van Winkle 
sleep, from which Oliver Omega says he himself has just 
awakened. Perhaps it is contagious and that accounts 
for the nonappearance, for some time, of several familiar 
names. 

Inclosed you will find a few [150] verses to the cous- 
ins — that is, to the nieces and nephews of Uncle Punch. 
As I intend to become a regular contributor to the '' Chil- 
dren's Department, you will please excuse the shortness 
of this letter, but as I become better acquainted with 
the department I promise that they shall be longer. 
With love, I am your niece and this happy band's 

Country Cousin, 

[213 words.] 



Sanders' shorthand lessons. 189 

New Orleans, La. 

My Dear Uncle — I am a little boy eleven years old. 
This is the first time I have written to you, but I hope 
it will not be the last. I went to the sugarhouse at the 
Exposition with my teacher, and she told me to write a 
composition about it. After I had written it and showed 
it to her, she told me to send it to you, thinking it [75] 
might interest some of your correspondents. 

I visited the sugarhouse, and will now describe it to 
you. The man put the sugar cane into a large wooden 
gutter, called the feeder, and it went into a machine 
which cut it in small pieces and then into another ma- 
chine, which pressed it. It was made into a sirup and 
went through pipes into a barrel, and when it was full 
a man pulled a rope [150] which made it turn over, and 
the juice fell into a large tub, with pipes attached, and 
ran through the pipes into two tanks, one for brown and 
the other for clarified sugar. The man took a stick with 
a glass tube attached and dipped it into one of the tanks; 
and when he took it out, I could see the grains of sugar 
floatiug about in the juice which was in the tube. When 
[225] all the juice was pressed out of the sugar cane, it 
fell on round pieces of iron, opening on hinges in the top 
floor, and when it was opened the sugar cane fell into a 
cart which a man placed under it, and the man pushed 
it along a short track and put the sugar cane on the side 
of the track. There is a large creek or gutter into 
which the water from the [300] engines run through a 
large pipe. There is a bell to ring for the men to begin 
work and for them to stop in the evening. 

Thurlow Barrett. 

[328 words.] 



190 SANt)ERS^ SHORTHAND LESSONS. 

The Witness is just the paper for farmers, farmers* 
wives, farmers' sons, farmers' daughters, country mer- 
chants, country storekeepers, blacksmiths, carpenters, 
builders, stone masons, and all other laborers who form 
the backbone of our country and who want to be thor- 
oughly posted in what is going on in the world. 

The Witness is a weekly paper which represents high 
ideas and sound principles. It has a weekly sermon by 
Dr. Talmage and a weekly Sunday school lesson by Dr. 
Pentecost, the latest home news, the latest foreign news, 
the latest political ncAvs, reliable market reports, reliable 
quotations of farm products, seasonable editorials on po- 
litical, social, and moral questions; the cream of the best 
editorials in New York and other daily and weekly pa- 
pers; good reliable farm and garden articles written by 
practical men; tells of the home life of the American 
people, and of their life, thoughts, and experiences; 
pleasant moral stories for the young people; stories of 
interest for the elder ones also; in brief, it is just the 
paper that you can safely take into your home and find 
to be an educator, on the best subjects, of both old and 
young. 

THE IRON TRADE REVIEW. 

Cleveland, O., Dec. 28. — The Iro7i Trade Review this 
week says: "With the time for balancing the year's 
business on\y a few day's off, nothing is to be looked for 
in the iron trade but more pronounced quietness. Sur- 



SANDERS* SHORTHAND LESSONS. 191 

mises as to what may be expected after the opening of 
the new year take the place of the usual staple of mar- 
ket gossip. There is an agreement in the general state- 
ment that an expansion into anything like the old time 
demand need not be looked for in sixty or ninety days, or 
in twice that time; but that a larger call for iron and 
steel products than has been known at any time in the 
past six months may reasonably be expected early in the 
year, and that this will tend to increase. That producing 
capacity, in the whole range of material, will continue 
for some time to be much more than adequate to con- 
sumptive demand, is evident, since most new enterprises 
will wait upon the new tariff act. Yet the accumulation 
of renewal demands in these months of stagnation ought 
to insure a continuance of the better symptoms noted 
in December, but the market will creep before it walks." 



For the last twenty-five years I have been a sufferer 
from indigestion, torpid liver, constipation, nervous pros- 
tration, dyspepsia, and heart trouble, and as I grew older 
my complaints grcAv worse. At times I was completely 
prostrated for days and weeks at a time. I felt myself 
a complete wreck. I tried hundreds of remedies, but 
found little relief. I had no appetite, my sleep was un- 
easy, restless, and unrefreshing, my mind was gloomy, 
my physical condition seemed to make everything look 
sad. I employed various physicians, but all to little 
purpose. They could give only temporary relief. My 



192 SANDEIIS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 

SOU Albert insisted on me getting the medicine. I had 
no faith in it. I went on for months. He finally in- 
duced me to accept it and give it a trial, which I did. 

To my agreeable surprise, it has done for me all that 
was claimed for it. As soon as I commenced the use of 
it my health began to improve so that I felt like a new 
man. My appetite returned, and I enjoy my meals as 
much as ever. My health is now better than for twen- 
ty-five years. I owe all to the use of the medicine. It 
has done wonders for me. I am 65 years old, and can 
attend to my business as in former days. I am a mer- 
chant, and have been in the business forty-five years, 
and I feel it a duty to say to others who are sick and 
suffering, get it, use it strictly according to directions, get 
well, and enjoy life. 

Dear Sir — I desire to tender my grateful acknowledg- 
ment for the interest you manifested in my son while in 
3^our college. 1 have made a critical examination of his 
work, especially the new method, and pronounce it all 
first-class. I am satisfied that he has received more than 
full value for his outlay of time and money. Your 
method of getting full work from the students is cer- 
tainly a commendable feature of your school. Hoping 
to be able to serve you in any matter that may conduce 
to the advancement of your splendid school, I am, deai- 
sir, yours most respectfulh", M. E. Abanathy, 

County Superintendent of Public Instruction. 



SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 193 

WORD SIGN SENTENCES. 

1. I will go up to see him in time for you to come. 

2. If my home is here, she may be hap^^y in it. 

3. This is your country, and they are out of it. 

4. Which way shall his be if it is her language? 

5. Why influence them in the use of common things? 

6. It is usual for several of them to take advantage. 

7. Our subject should have much influence in our home. 

8. The first thing you ought to do is to go away. 

9. Those parties will thank you for your own way of 
doing these things. 

10. I hope you will change the whole thing in a day 
or so. 

11. Thej^ have already come, but will go home if you 
say so. 

12. What would you charge for it by the year? 

13. I remember your brother who is now single. 

14. Be true and truthful to your father and mother. 

15. You can return when I begin to work upon the hill. 

16. While we are here we will try to read ordinary 
English. 

17. Perhaps it is my purpose to write a letter before 
that time. 

18. Every one will go from Chicago to I^ew York. 

19. The soldier sought shelter under a shelf in order 
to protect his wounded shoulder. 

20. It is impossible for him to impose on the banker, 
thumper, or embezzler. 

13 



194 SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS, 



CONTRACTION SENTENCES. 

1. Whenever you become a capable phonographer I 
will represent you forever. 

2. Nevertheless, notv^ithstanding, the Eepresentative 
was intelligent but inconsistent. 

3. I understand that you understood the manuscript 
to be his transcript. 

4. Wherever you transgress never be familiar with 
the inconsistent writer. 

5. I acknowledge she will go onward, forward, and 
upward forever. 

6. The highly influential lady showed remarkable 
knowledge in her representation. 

7. Now, I knew he referred to the phonographic dic- 
tionary. 

8. He refers to the reference book for something of 
interest. 

9. His regular or irregular investigation was not prac- 
tical, but practicable. 

10. Probably it was a disadvantage, but indispensable 
to his intelligence. 



SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 195 

EXPEDIENT SENTENCES. 

1. The acquisition was the cause of her accession and 
his accusation. 

2. 1 apprehend that he will comprehend his explana- 
tion. 

3. It appears that the applicant applied for his appli- 
cation . 

4. The account you advanced for the advertisement is 
not accurate. 

5. On account of the advancement of the amount he 
cannot count. 

6. 'I expect they will either accept or except the bill 
of lading. 

7. The printer must prove that to be perfect proof. 

8. 1 approve of all the promulgations before the execu- 
tive body. 

9. The bachelor anticipated the child would play with 
the children. 

10. The attraction at the theater was not very attract- 
ive. 

11. The assistants received no assistance from the an- 
nual assistant. 

12. I hereby authorize him to give you authority to 
appear before the combine. 

13. The combination entered into an agreement with 
no other intention. 

14. 1 was at his house, near his house, and in his house. 

15. His is as hers is, and hers is as his is. 



196 SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 

16. Has his as much as hers has, or is hers as his is? 

17. With what we were to have and what you were 
to have. 

18. You would if you were with me and I were with 

you- 

19. Were we there? 

20. Tell what we saw. 

21. You were in there. 

22. You would go there. 

23. There were two habeas corpus writs in the United 
States Court. 

24. He swore out an affidavit before a justice of the 
peace. 

25. Ladies and Gentlemen — Upon my arrival here this 
evening I met wath much enthusiasm. 

26. May it please your Honor and gentlemen of the 

27. The executor and administrator settled their busi- 
ness in the Probate Court. 

28. The postmaster issued orders to his postal clerks. 

29. State whether or not j^ou saw the shot gun. 

30. Similar sentences may be continued by the teacher. 



197 



REPORTING EXPEDIENTS, 

When the context will permit it, the experienced 
writer, to facilitate speed, cats short many contractions 
and outlines which would be confusing and unsafe for 
the beginner. To obviate such 1 have extended a few 
of the more contracted forms, which may in time be 
dropped at will. Prefixes, affixes, the tenses, and plural 
forms, when necessary, may easily be joined or written 
close by the primitive. 

Note. — If you come to a word in your typewriter 
transcripts and do not know how to spell it, guess not, 
but seek proper information rather than injure your rep- 
utation as a stenographer. 



198 SANBURS* SHORl^HANl) LESSONS. 

SHADOWS. 

Intangible and unreal, they yet bar the way and im- 
pose their presence, with the strange solidity of some 
impassable wall of granite, while their lengthening 
stretch across the pathway of life may neither be re- 
moved nor avoided. They are the subtle accompaniment 
of all effort, all joyous anticipation, all lofty aspiration, 
all possession. And when hope and endeavor soar, 
mount, and expand in exultant yearnings toward some 
grand realization, which would enwrap and carry aloft 
justifiable ambition and personal joy, or would urge the 
ambition of society and nation, then deeper grows the 
gloom of those shadows which are [100] cast downward 
from their towering proportions. For there emanates in 
fantastic shape from every expiring deed the unvarying 
shadows of misconstruction, of nonappreciation, and of 
mistrust; and the lavished affection may not exist, with- 
out its minor accompaniment of inevitable sadness. For 
the shades and shadows must needs lie silent and oppress- 
ive over the gray dust, and the rocky bed of the road 
being forcibly traversed. 

Soft and flickering under the moonlight ray, and the 
tremulous breeze of some exqusite "nuit de mai," their 
fitful play on marble porch and green sward will tempt 
to idle wanderings far out into [200] those silent dells, 
whose beauty is enhanced by their veiled and mysterious 
protection. And the play of the fitful shadows among 
the silver shafts of light seems so alluring that they woo 



SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 199 

to a belief in a similar intermingling of joys and sorrows, 
over which must also hover the seductive beauty of all 
those fair and gentle nights of May, which surely must 
extend throughout a long and happy lifetime. A certi- 
tude swells up in the same soul under the serenity of the 
stars that the gentle shadows must ever cover with a 
poetic forgiveness all that is harsh and unsightly [300] 
in character and action; must hide in tender solicitude 
those poor defects of an unhappy humanity and soften 
into waving lines of unreal beauty all those melancholy 
imperfections which the rude light of scrutiny would 
ruthlessly disclose. Harmonious and generous, the 
lovely shadows must retain to their owner those evanes- 
cent affections more difficult to bind and hold than the 
perfume of roses or the sighing of the winds; must 
efface the crudeness of commonplace life, and harmonize 
into attractiveness the grotesque failings and repellant 
exactions which, without their timely succor, would 
throw into jarring discord the fragile structure of our 
[400] fancied infatuations. And so penetrated with the 
extent of their power, the dreamer wonders that the 
impressive lesson taught to the blunderer by the restful 
shadows should ever fail of appreciation. 

But when the heavy shades hang somber and impene- 
trable over chasm and valley, when neither the shim- 
mering moon nor the dancing rays of some bright sum- 
mer day are there to inspire a fallacious belief in their 
equal potency, or perhaps, in their supremacy, pending 



200 SANDERS* SHORTHAND LESSONS. 

the daily combat of life, the gloom of those heavy mists, 
which can neither be grappled with nor swept aside, falls 
on the spirits with [500] their immutable sadness, and 
proclaims their insidious vietor3^ 

For the potency of the shadow is unlimited, and its 
sway is universal. The ^^I'ophetic forerunner of coming 
events, its slow and significant approach, unheeded by 
superficial and blind self-complacency, would, if its vast 
import were grasped and understood, aid in the avoid- 
ance of the after catastrophe, the final loss and despair. 
The vague and undefined proportions of those shadowy 
indications, cast before the gaze of the incredulous, their 
gradual and slow invasion would indicate with an infalli- 
ble significance the might of the coming struggle, the 
might and extent of the [600] impending certainty. In 
the great arena of national aftairs, with a stern but sad 
warning, the mighty shadows of a people's unrest and 
discofttent would kindly warn that they are projected 
from mighty causes and tremendous forces, to which it 
were wise and imperative to yield obedience or dispel by 
a sagacious patriotism. But seldom is their silent warn- 
ing heeded or their weird significance rightly understood. 
They gather like the gathering storm, until the desola- 
ting tempest of mismanagement and discontent has 
worked its inevitable havoc. 

And those light, dancing, fireside shadows, which toy 
with the home joys, which peep and [700] hide behind 
the silken portiere, and around the softened glow of the 



Sanders' shorthand lessons. 201 

evening lamp. Less portentous and apparent than the 
heavy gloom of the approaching tempest, they none the 
less point to the possibility of an extinguishment of the 
trembling flame on the hearthstone, and the death of the 
rose-colored brilliancy of the lamp. Tender and soft 
they gently obtrude, and sorrowfully they warn by their 
increased darkness that the warm glow of affection is 
turning cold, that the brilliant glow which radiated 
throughout that habitation, beautifying by its splendid 
intensit}^, each look and speech, has waned and is [800] 
fading, giving place to the silent and creeping shadows, 
to their gray and desolate encroachment. 

But their soft ste]) is all unheeded, and the shallow 
crowd goes trooping on to its destiny. Sure of their 
final victory, the shadows blithely toy with the sunbeam, 
dance and roUic with the silver light of the moon, the 
radiant glance of the stars, and enhance, by their con- 
trast, the beauty of the smiling valley, the sweet rose 
garden, the towerss and belfries of the old cathedral. 
Then, wearied of their wanderings, they peep in at the 
window, and nestle down to rest by [900] the hearth- 
stone, awaiting patiently the hour of their final su- 
premacy over all things. 

[913 words.] 

CiUDAD Juarez, Mexico, via Galveston, Tex., No- 
vember 23. — [Special cable to the New York Herald.'] 
— Activity is still manifest in military circles, but no 



202 SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 

authentic news has reached here from the scene of dis- 
turbance. The roads are picketed, and travelers can 
neither come nor go. The local press has been "called 
down;" and the Mexican officials, while not exercising a 
full censorship of press dispatches, are preventing any 
news from being sent out, on the ground that it keeps 
up excitement and informs the public of what is really 
transpiring, something they want suppressed. 

The revolutionists are still active, and in the streets of 
Bl Paso, Tex., are hundreds of strange Mexicans, who 
gather in groups and confer mysteriously. Constant 
requests are made on Texas authorities for the arrest of 
Mexicans supposed to be in sympathy with Perez and 
his followers; but none are being made, as there is no 
evidence of their having violated the neutrality laws. 

Federal troops are doing a great deal of scouting, but 
no fighting, being afraid to encounter the revolutionists 
in their strongholds. Stragglers are summarily executed, 
but not even a record is made of their taking ofi^. The 
officers deny all knowledge of these executions, but the 
revolutionists assert that it is a nightly occurrence to 
take out and shoot suspects. 

The El Paso newspapers have been called on by the 
Mexican Consuls and requested to suppress all news of a 
revolutionary character. The Government of the State 
of Guerrero proclaimed amnesty on Tuesday last to all 
insurgents surrendering themselves within five days. 



SAI^DERS* SHORTHAND LESSONS. 203 

CUT PAPER PATTERNS. 

Made in black figured lace, or in coarse-meshed net 
with bright or light-colored "baby" ribbon run in to 
form stripes, this makes a dressy waist for evening wear; 
and the design being simplicity itself — a blouse with be- 
coming fullness over a fitted lining, the same back and 
front— it is quite as desirable for the least expensive 
materials, including washable goods. It is an excellent 
model for a waist of soft silk to wear with different 
skirts; and if preferable, a ''draped" collar — that is, one 
with the outside cut bias, from one to two inches deeper 
than the plain standing collar, and then caught up in 
soft irregular folds to the depth of the plain collar — can 
be substituted for the plaited frill; and a belt to match, 
from three to four inches deep, and finished with a 
rosette in front, can be used in place of the plain one. 
The lining is fitted with darts and has the usual number 
of seams, and is a perfect pattern for a plain waist. 

Half of the pattern is given in ten pieces : Front, side 
gore, side form, and back of lining; outer front and back 
pieces, collar and three pieces of sleeves. Gather the 
outer front and back pieces, top and bottom, forward and 
back of the holes in each, respectively. Grather the puff 
for the sleeve at the top, between the holes, and at the 
bottom, and place the lower edge to the row of holes 
across the sleeves. 

Cut the fronts with their front edges placed length- 
wise on the goods, and the side gores, side forms, and 



204 SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSON^. 

back pieces lengthwise, with their lower edges placed 
exactly crosswise on the goods. Lay the back edge of 
the outer back piece to a lengthwise fold of the goods. 
Cut the sleeves so that the parts below the elbows will 
be bias; and the puffs either lengthwise or exactly bias. 
Before cutting the goods, be careful to read "Directions 
for Cutting," printed on the envelope. 

34 and 36 inches bust measure will require four yards 
of goods twenty-four inches wide. 

38 and 40 inches bust measure will require four and a 
half yards of goods twenty-four inches wide. 



State or Georgia, FultOxV County. 
To the Superior Court of Said County — The petition of 
Wm. H. Johnson, Thomas Dyson, C. W. Shiff, Fred 
Dawson, of Hampton County, Mass.; T. C. Hampton 
and P. A. Quillian, of Fulton County, Ga., respectfully 
shows that petitioners desire a charter granted incor- 
porating them, their associates and successors, as a 
body corporate for a term of twenty years, with the 
privilege of renewal, under the corporate name of '' East- 
lake Company." The object of said company is pecuni- 
ary gain to its stockholders, and for this purpose peti- 
tioners pray that the corporation be allowed to buy, 
rent, lease, own, and sell all kinds of property, real, per- 
sonal, and mixed, to plat, subdivide, sell, rent, or lease 
real estate and other property, upon such terms as may 
be agreed upon, to improve the same in any manner 



SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 205 

whatever that may seem to best interest of said com- 
pany, to build sewers, lay gas and water pipes, put in 
electric plants, generate and furnish electricity to others, 
to build or make and maintain lakes, for fish, for bathing, 
for boating, and for such other purposes as may be bene- 
ficial to the company, to build and run hotels, restau- 
rants, confectionery stands, and such other business as 
the company may desire. To build and keep up race 
tracks, bicycle tracks, bowling alleys, dancing halls, and 
such other j^laces and means of amusement as may be 
proper and legitimate; to issue bonds, borrow money, 
contract debts and liabilities, and secure the same by 
deed, mortgage, or otherwise, to loan money on approved 
security, to negotiate loans for others and charge a com- 
mission therefor, to contract with any railroad company 
for the purpose of extending its road through or into 
any real property belonging to said corporation, to do- 
nate or sell to individuals, companies, or corporations 
lands for hotel sites, railway stations, etc., and accept in 
payment for such sites an interest in such enterprises as 
may be located thereon^ whether promoted by individu- 
als or corporations, and to do all other things necessary 
or incident to the improvement and management of the 
property belonging to said corporation. And that said 
corporation have all other 230wers and rights, including 
the right to sue and be sued, have a corporate seal and 
such others as are usually given to such corporations 
under the laws of said State. The capital stock of said 



206 SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 

corporation shall be fifty thousand dollars, divided into 
five hundred shares of the par value of one hundred 
dollars per share, said corporation having the power to 
increase said capital stock to two hundred thousand 
dollars. Said capital stock may be paid for in land and 
such other property as the company may accept and at 
such price as may be agreed upon. 

Said corporation desires the privilege of transacting 
its business and Cbtablishing its offices and agencies in 
any part of said State or the United States, bat its prin- 
cipal office and place of business shall be in the city of 
Atlanta, in said State and county. AVherefore petition- 
ers pray that the court pass an order incorporating 
them, their associates and successors under the corporate 
name aforesaid, with full power to carry on such busi- 
ness as aforesaid, and to exercise all power necessary to 
accomplish successfully the business of said corporation. 

And petitioners will ever pray, etc. 

F. A. QuiLLiAN, Petitioners' Attorney. 

Filed in office Jan. 16, 1894. G. H. Tanner, Clerk. 

State of Georgia, Fulton County. — I, Gr. P. Tanner, 
clerk of the Superior Court of said county, do hereby cer- 
tify that the foregoing is a true copy, from the files of said 
court, of the petition for charter by the "East Lake 
Company." 

Witness my hand and the seal of said court, this 16th 
day of January, 1894. G. H. Tanner, 

Clerk Superior Court Fulton County. 



SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 207 

OUTLINING. 

The following is a detailed vote on the final passage 
of the tariff bill, Speaker Crisp's vote making the yeas 
204. The nays were 140. The yeas were as follows: 

Yeas — Messrs. Abbott, Alderson, Alexander, Allen, 
Arnold, Bailey, Baker of Kansas, Baldwin, Bankhead, 
Barnes, Barwig, Bell of Colorado, Bell of Texas, Beltz- 
hoover. Berry, Black of Georgia, Black of Illinois, 
Blanchard, Bland, Boatner, Boen, Bower of JS'orth Caro- 
lina, Branch, Brawley, Breckinridge of Arkansas, Breck- 
inridge of Kentucky, Bretz, Brickner, Brookshire, 
Brown, Bryan, Bunn, Burns, Bynum, Cabaniss, Cam- 
enetti. Cannon, Capehart, Caruth, Catchings, Causey, 
Clancey, Clark of Missouri, Clark of Alabama, Cobb of 
Alabama, Cobb of Missouri, Cochran, Cockrell, Coffeen, 
Compton of Connecticut, Coombs, Cooper of Florida, 
Cooper of Indiana, Cooper of Texas, Cornish, Cox, 
Crain, Crawford, Culberson, Davis, Dearmond, De For- 
est, Denson, Dinsmore, Dockery, Donovan, Dunn, Dun- 
phy, Durborrow, Edmunds, Ellis of Kentucky, English, 
Enloe, Epes, Erdman, Everett, Fielder, Fithian, Forman, 
Fyan, Goldzier, Geissenhainer, Goodnight, Gorman, 
Grady, Gresham, Griffin, Hall of Minnesota, Hall of 
Missouri, Hammond, Hare, Harris, Harter, Hatch, 
Hayes, Heard, Henderson of I^orth Carolina, Hines, 
Holman, Hooker of Mississippi, Houk of Ohio, Hudson, 
Hunter, Hutcheson, Johnson of Ohio, Jones, Kell, Kil- 
gore, Kribbs, Kyle, Lane, Lapham, Latimer, Lawson, 



208 Sanders' shorthand lessons. 

Laydon, Lester, Lisle, Livingston, Lock wood, Lynch, 
Maddox, Magner, Maguire, Mallory, Marshall, Martin 
of Indiana, McAleer, McCreary of Kentucky, McCul- 
loch, McDonald, McDearmon, McEttrick, McGann, Mc- 
Keighan, McLaurin, McMillin, McNagny, McEae, Meri- 
deth. Money, Montgomery, Morgan, Moses, Mutchler, 
JS'eill, Oates, O'jNeill, Outhwaite, Paschall, Patterson, 
Paynter, Pearson, Pence, Pendleton of West Virginia, 
Pendleton of Texas, Piggott, Eayiior, E.eilly, Eichardson 
of Tennessee, Eichardson of Michigan, Eichardson of 
Ohio, Eitchie, Eobbins, Eusk, Eussell of Georgia, Eyan, 
Sayers, Shell, Simpson, Snodgrass, Somers, Springer, 
Stallings, Stockdale, Stone of Kentucky, Strait, Swanson, 
Talbot of South Carolina, Talbot of Maryland, Tarsney, 
Tate, Taylor of Indiana, Terry, Tracy, Tucker, Turner, 
Turpin, Tyler, Warner of Washington, Weadock, Wells, 
Wheeler of Alabama, Whiting, Williams of Illinois, Wil- 
liams of Mississippi, Wilson of West Virginia, Wise, 
Wolverton, Woodward, Speaker Crisp — 204. 

JSTays — Messrs. Adams of Kentucky, Adams of Penn- 
sylvania, Aitken, Aldrich, Apsley, Avery, Babcock, Ba 
ker of JSTew Hampshire, Bartholdt, Bartlett (Dem.), 
Belden, Bingham, Blair, Boutelle, Bowers of California, 
Broderick, Brosius, Bundy, Burrows, Cadmus (Dem.), 
Caldwell, Campbell (Dem.), Cannon of Illinois, Chicker- 
ing, Childs, Cogswell, Cooper of Wisconsin, Cousins, 
Covert (Dem.), Cummings (Dem.), Curtis of Kansas, 
Curtis, of New York, Dalzell, Daniels, Davey (Dem.), 



SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 209 

Dingley, DoUiver, Doolittle, Draper, Ellis of Oregon, 
Fletcher, Funk, Funston, Gardney, Gear, Geary (Dem.), 
Gillot of New York, Gillett of Massachusetts, Gros- 
venor. Grout, Hager, Hainer, Haines (Dem.), Harmer, 
Hartman, Haugen, Heiner, Henderson of Illinois, Hen- 
derson of Iowa, Hendrix (Dem.), Hepburn, Hermann, 
Hicks, Hitt, Hooker of New York, Hopkins of Illinois, 
Hulick, Hull, Johnson of Indiana, Johnson of North 
Dakota, Joy, Kiefer, Leacey, Lefevre, Lucas, Linden, 
Loud, Loudenslager, Mason, Marsh, Marvin of New 
York, McCall, McEleary of Minnesota, McDowell, Meyer 
(Dem.), Meikeljohn, Mercer, Morse, Moen, Murray, 
Nowlands (Pop.), Northway, Page (Dem.^, Payne, Per- 
kins, Phillips, Pickler, Post, Powers, Price (Dem."), Ean- 
dall, Eay, Eeed, Eeyburn, Eobertson of Iowa (Dem.), 
Eobinson of Pennsylvania, Eussell of Connecticut, 
Schermerhorn (Dem.), Scranton, Settle, Shaw, Sherman, 
Sibley (Dem.), Sickles (Dem.), Stephenson, Stone of 
West Yirginia, Smith, Sperry (Dem.), Charles W. Stone, 
Storer, Strong, Tawney, Taylor of Tennessee, Thomas, 
Updegraf, Yan Yoorhis of New York, Wadsworth, 
Walker, White, Wanger, Waugh, Weaver, Wheeler of 
Illinois, Wright of Pennsylvania, Wright of Massachu- 
setts, Wooner, Wilson of Ohio, Wilson of Washington — 
140. 

There was an outburst of applause when the Wilson 
bill passed its final stage in the House. It was exactly 
two minutes of six o'clock when the bill passed. 
14 



210 Sanders' shorthand lessons. 

Treasury Department, Office of the SECRETARr, 

Washington, January 17, 1894. 

By virtue of the authority contained in the act entitled 
"An Act to Provide for the Resumption of Specie Pay- 
ments," approved January 14, 1875, the Secretary of the 
Treasury hereby offers for public subscription an issue 
of bonds of the United States to the amount of $50,000,- 
000, in either registered or coupon form, in denominations 
of $50 and upward, redeemable in coin at the pleasure 
of the government after ten years from [100] the date of 
their issue, and bearing interest payable quarterly in 
coin, at the rate of 5 per cent, per annum. 

Proposals for the whole or any part of these bonds 
will be received at the Treasury Department, office of 
the Secretary, until 12 o'clock noon on February 1, 1894. 

Proposals should state the number of bonds desired, 
whether registered or coupon, and the premium which 
the subscriber proposes to pay, the place where it is de- 
sired that the bonds should be delivered, and the place, 
whether that of the Treasurer of the United States or 
[200] an Assistant Treasurer of the United States, where 
it will be most convenient for the subscriber to deposit 
the amount of his subscription. Failure to specify the 
above particulars may cause the proposal to be rejected. 

As soon as practicable after February 1, 1894, the 
allotment of bonds will be made to the highest bidders 
therefor, but no proposition will be considered at a lower 
price than $1,117,223, which is the equivalent of a 3 per 



SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 211 

cent, bond at par, and the right to reject any and all 
proposals is [300] hereby expressly reserved. In case 
the bids entitled to allotment exceed the bonds to be 
issued they will be allotted pro rata. 

Notice of the date of delivery of the bonds will be 
sent to the subscribers to whom allotments are made as 
soon as practicable, and within ten days from the date of 
such notice subscriptions must be paid in United States 
gold coin to the Treasurer or such Assistant Treasurer 
of the United States as the subscriber has designated, 
and if not so paid the proposal may be rejected. 

The bonds will be dated February 1, 1894, [400] and 
when payment is made therefor, as above, accrued in- 
terest on both principal and premium from February 1,. 
1894, to date of payment, at the rate of interest realized 
to the subscriber in his investment, will be added. 

All proposals should be addressed to the Secretary of 
the Treasury, Washington, D. C, and should be distinctly 
marked: "Proposals for subscriptions to 5 per cent, 
bonds." J. Gr. Carlisle, Secretary. 

[472 words.] 

OWENSBORO, Ky., Oct. 11, 1893. 
Employment Department of Draughon's Business Col- 
lege, Nashville, Tenn. 

Dear Sir — About Jan. 1, 1894, we will have an open- 
ing for a thorough, competent lady bookkeeper, and with 
some knowledge of shorthand. We would want one 



212 SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 

competent for general office work, more especially in 
business correspondence, as we would expect her, after 
a short time, to do the greater part of correspondence 
without dictation. She must be very competent in book- 
keeping and typewriting, and have ability in the compo- 
sition of business letters. Shorthand will be absolutely 
necessary for the first two or three months, but after 
that there would be but little or no use for it. Any 
assistance you may be able to give us in securing the 
desired lady will be appreciated. 

Very respectfully, F. A. Ames & Co. 



Gentlemen — The petition signed by you, together with 
such a large number of my friends and fellow-citizens, 
comprising as it does the best and most eminently re- 
spectable and worthy citizens and taxpayers of the 
county, has received my most grateful consideration, and 
in reply will say that I will submit my name to the vo- 
ters of the county of Cook, for election to the office of 
County Court Clerk, as requested by you in your peti- 
tion, and will pledge myself that if elected to the office 
I will exert my best efforts and energy to conduct 
the affairs of the office so fairly and impartially as to 
merit and deserve your approbation. Having been 
reared a Prohibitionist, and since manhood always be- 
lieved in the principles of that party, I submit my claims 
to the voters of the county, subject to the action of the 
Prohibition party. Eespectfully, J. W, Dean. 



Sander's shorthand lessons. 213 

Washington, Jan. 8. 
Mr. Walter Hugson : 

Dear Sir — I have not felt at liberty to write to the 
Governor of Washington, advising a special session of the 
Legislature to elect a Eepublican Senator. I have felt 
that he is better able to determine this question than 
I, at this distance; that it would be presumption to 
volunteer advice, unless my opinion were asked by 
him. 

I think the fate of the tariff bill is very uncertain in the 
Senate. There is some strong opposition to it in the 
Democratic party. Whether it will die away under the 
influence of the administration and party pride no one 
can as yet state. 

The tariff bill as it now stands is thoroughly vicious, 
not only greatly affecting injuriously the multiplied in- 
dustries of this country, but it is still more vicious in re- 
ducing the revenue and creating a deficiency, which 
must be met by loans or insolvency. That every Eepub- 
lican State should be fully represented is a palpable fact, 
but whether your Legislature is in a condition to elect a 
Senator is a fact that I cannot determine. 

Yery truly yours, John Sherman. 



Jeffersonville, Ind., Oct. 28, 1893. 
Sealed proposals, in triplicate, will be received here 
until 11 A.M. (central standard time), Tuesday, Novem- 
ber 28, 1893, and then opened, for furnishing at the Quar- 



214 SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 

termaster's Depot here, various articles of quartermas- 
ter s stores, sucli as stationery, ash barrels, ranges, coal 
scuttles, horse blankets, horse brushes, currycombs, 
dump and hand carts, wagon parts, wheelbarrows, wagon 
covers, paulins, rubber hose, leather, axle grease, pamts, 
oils, rope, horse and mule shoes, iron, miscellaneous tools 
and hardware, etc. Government reserves the right to 
reject any or all proposals, and to accept the whole or 
an}^ part of the supplies bid for. All information fur- 
nished on application to this office. Envelopes contain- 
ing proposals should be marked '^Proposals for Quarter- 
master's Stores," and addressed to Colonel Henry C 
Hodges, Assistant Quartermaster General, U. S. Army, 
Depot Quartermaster. 



Gentlemen — Since leaving you in 1871 I have been in 
almost constant relation with educational institutions, 
and after all these years of observation and experience I 
can safely say there is no place within my knowledge 
where I could have spent more pleasantly or more profita- 
bly the years that I was under your tuition. The expe- 
rience and ability of the Faculty, the methods of teach- 
ing, the disci j)line observed at all times, and the moral 
training, both by precept and example, were such as to 
command my admiration and enable me to commend 
your college as an institution worthy of universal pat- 
ronage. 

Sincerely yours, George Montgomery. 



SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 215 

PROPOSALS FOR ARMY SUPPLIES. 

Office of Purchasing Commissary of Subsistence, 
United States Army, Eoom 'No. 25, Pike Building, 
Cincinnati, Ohio, November 16, 1893. — Sealed propos- 
als in triplicate, subject to the usual conditions, will be 
received at this office until eleven o'clock on Saturday, 
December 16, 1893, and opened immediately thereafter 
in presence of bidders, for the furnishing and delivering 
of the following army supplies — viz. : Pork, bacon, beef 
(corned), flour, sugar, vinegar, and salt. Preference will 
be given to articles of domestic production or manufac- 
ture, conditions of quality or price (including in the 
price of foreign productions or manufactures the duty 
thereon) being equal. The right is reserved to reject 
any or all bids. Blank proposals and full information as 
to conditions will be furnished on application to this of- 
fice. James N. Allison, 

Captain and C. S., U. S. A., Purchasing C. S. 



County Dublin, Dec. 27, 1893. 
Gentlemen — I am obliged to Mr. Melville E. Stone, 
General Manager of the Associated Press, for asking me 
to reply through the Associated Press to statements 
made in some of the Chicago papers, alleging that I had 
advised the removal of Dr. Cronin. I can only answer 
that it would be just as true to charge me with having 
advised the removal of Julius Csesar or Abraham Lincoln. 
I never even heard of Dr. Cronin's name or existence un- 
til the spy, Le Caron, spoke of him at the Parnell com- 



216 SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 

mission hearings and the neAvsofhis brutal murder came 
to Europe. 

The further allegations that I wrote a letter to De- 
tective Coughlin, at that or any other time, is without 
the shadow of foundation, as I neither knew him or of 
him, or wrote to him directly or indirectly, nor have I 
been written to by him or by anybody in his behalf in 
ni}" life. 

The whole story is a monstrous fabrication from be- 
ginning to end, and must emanate from some madman, 
or perhaps from some interested knave who wishes to 
satisfy some feeling of malignity in coupling my name 
with the commission of such a foul and cowardly crime. 

I am reluctant to be compelled to say, in connection 
with this infamous statement, that the press of America 
is the onl}^ press in the civilized world to-day through 
which ruffianly attempts, like this, at the moral assassi- 
nation of public men can be made with impunity. 

Michel Davitt. 



Gentlemen — Why not have an artistic and appropriate 
heading for your office stationery ? The inclosed samples 
of my imitation lithograph process are superior to wood 
engraving in firmness of line and delicacy of shading, 
and can be furnished cheaper. They are not the ordinary 
photo-engraving, but are made by a diiferent method. I 
furnish a design subject to approval, afterward a plate 
which any fair printer can use, the plate costing from 
$6 to $15, according to detail of the design. 

Yours truly. 



SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 217 

AN OPINION. 

(To be reported without stopping, at a given rate of speed.) 

Frankfort, Ky., Jaimaiy 27. 

Judge Cantrill, of the Franklin Circuit Court, last 
night decided against the banks in the tax injunction 
cases of the State banks in this city, in which all the 
banks in the State were interested, in the test made of 
the Hewitt contract law of 1886, requiring banks to pay 
the State seventy-five cents on each $100 in lieu of all 
other State, county, or municipal taxation. He held 
that the new revenue law repealed the Hewitt law under 
which the banks claimed exemption from local taxes, 
and that there was no contract under the Hewitt law_ 
from which the State could not withdraw under the gen- 
eral act of 1856. 

Judge Cantrill's opinion is as follows: 

" Bank of Kentucky, plaintiff, vs. Franklin County 
etc., defendants. — This is a suit to enjoin the collection 
of county taxes levied under the provisions of the new 
revenue act, which became a law l^ovember 11, 1892. 
The petition sets out at length the charter of the bank, 
the amendments thereto, and the decisions of the Court 
of Appeals wherein it is held that the provisions of the 
original and amended charter created and constituted an 
irrevocable contract, from which the State could not 
withdraw or recede without the consent of the banks. 
That the banks had such a contract with the State from 
the time it was chartered in 1834 to the time it accepted 



218 SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 

the provisions of the revenue law of 1886, known as the 
Hew^itt bill J can hardly be questioned in the hght of the 
adjudication of the chartered rights and privileges of 
this and like institutions. In 1887 the plaintiff accepted 
the provisions of the Hewitt law in the manner pre- 
scribed therein, and it alleges that this acceptance made 
a contract Avith the State of the same binding force and 
validity, although different in terms, as the contract it 
had under its charter, and that the effort of the State or 
any of its subdivisions to collect any other tax than that 
mentioned in the act of 1886 is in violation of the Con- 
stitution of the State and of the United States. 

"To the petition the defendant enters a general de- 
murrer. It therefore devolves on this court to construe 
Art. 2 of the Acts of 1886, and in like manner to pass 
upon the validity of the new revenue act of 1892. Sec. 
1 of Art. 2 of the Hewitt bill provides that each share of 
stock equal to one hundred dollars shall be taxed seven- 
ty-five cents, and that all surplus exceeding 10 per cent, 
of the capital stock shall be assessed at the same rate as 
real estate is assessed, and that taxes on these shares 
and surplus shall be in full of all tax — State, county, and 
municipal. Sec. 4 of the same Act provides how the 
banks ' May give consent to the levying of said tax, and 
agree to pay the same as herein provided, and to wave 
and release all rights under the acts of Congress and 
under the charters of the State banks to a different mode 
or smaller rate of taxation, and upon such agreement 



SANDERS* SHORTHAND LESSONS. 219 

and consent being delivered, and in consideration thereof, 
such bank and its shares of stock shall be exempt from 
all other taxation whatsoever so long as said tax shall 
be paid during the corporate existence of such bank.' 
The language of these two sections is strong, and seems to 
embody all the essential qualities necessary to constitute 
a valid contract between the banks and the State during 
the corporate existence of the banks accepting its pro- 
visions, and it is equally explicit in that only the tax on 
the shares of stock and the surplus therein defined shall 
be levied and collected. 

"It is contended, however, on the part of the defend- 
ant, that Sections 6 and 7 of the same article place cer- 
tain limitations and restrictions upon the provisions just 
above recited, and that the State intended to reserve, 
and did reserve, to itself the right and power to amend, 
repeal, modify, and enlarge the scope and meaning of the 
terms and conditions by Sections 1 and 4. Section 6 is 
that the Act under consideration shall be subject to the 
provisions of what is known as the Act of 1856, the lan- 
guage of which is, 'That all charters and grants of or 
to corporations or amendments thereof enacted or 
granted since the 14th of February, 1856, and all other 
statutes shall be subject to amendment or repeal at will 
of the Legislature, unless a contrary intent be therein 
plainly expressed.' 

'' Section 7 provides that, ' In case any bank refuses to 
pay the tax imposed under this Act (the Hewit bill), it 



220 SANDERS* SHORTHAND LESSONS. 

shall be taxed for State, county, and municipal purposes 
as the taxable property in the hands of individuals,' and 
it also provides ' That nothing therein shall be construed 
as exempting for taxation for county and municipal pur- 
poses any real estate or building owned or used bj^ 
said banks or corporations conducting their business, but 
the same may be taxed for county and municipal pur- 
poses as other real estate is taxed.' This is indeed a 
confused and contradictory statute. The language of 
one section indicates that in case the banks pay the tax 
they shall be exempt from all other taxation during the 
corjDorate existence of the bank; while another section 
proves that the exemption shall be only during the 
pleasure and will of the Legislature. One section says 
if the banks will pay the seventy-five cents tax on each 
one hundred dollars share of its stock and the tax on its 
surplus, it shall be exempt from all other tax whatso- 
ever; while another section says its real estate 'maj^ be 
taxed for county and municipal purposes.' 

"It is ordered that the demurrer to the plaintiff's peti- 
tion as amended be sustained, to which ruhng of the 
court the plaintiff excepts, and the plaintiff being given 
leave, but declining to plead further, it is ordered that 
the petition be dismissed, and that the defendants re- 
. cover their costs herein ex^Dended, and to all of which 
the plaintiff objects and excepts, and prays an appeal to 
the Court of Appeals, which is granted." 



SANDERS SHORTHAND LESSONS. 



221 



MERCANTILE A 

a/c, or aeot account. 

Amt amount. 

Agt agent. 

B/L bill of lading. 

bl barrel. 

Bal .... balance. 

bush bushel. 

c/o care of. 

C. O. D. collect on delivery. 

Co Company. 

Cr creditor. 

cwt hundredweight. 

cts cents. 

Dr debtor. 

E. E , . . , . . errors excepted. 

E. & O. E. . . errors and omis- 
sions excepted. 

F. O. B free on board. 

hhd hogshead. 

hund hundreds. 



BBREVIATIONS. 

Inv invoice. 

inst present month. 

lb . pound. 

£ pound sterling. 

L. S place for seal. 

mdse merchandise. 

mos months. 

manuf manufacture. 

MS Manuscript. 

Messrs plural of Mr. 

No . .' number. 

pd paid. 

pay't payment. 

prox next month. 

pkg package. 

reed received. 

ult last month. 

wt weight. 

yds yards. 

yrs years. 



POOR SHORTHAND TEACHERS. 

It is indeed a poor recommendation to a school when 
it is almost generally known that its leading (?) short- 
hand instructor has not the speed of even a third-rate 
amanuensis. It really seems that the only qualifications 
possessed by such pretenders is their special ignorance 
or prejudice or general unfitness for the task in hand, 
and the sole chance for their impositions is based on the 
gullibility of human nature. 



222 SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 

OFFICIAL COURT REPORTERS. 

The following is a complete list of the official court re- 
porters of the United States, report for 1893, showing 
nearly one-half to be writers of Graham System short- 
hand : 

SYSTEM. WRITERS. 

Graham (omitting five duplications) 313 

Graham (mixed with other systems) 32 

Benn Pitman 78 

M.unson (omitting one duplication) 75 

Isaac Pitman 41 

Marsh 16 

Lindsley (omitting one duplication) 10 

Burnz 6 

Cross' Eclectic 6 

Longley 5 

Pitman-Howard 4 

Scott-Browne 4 

Osgoodby (omitting three duplications) 2 

Scovil 2 

Haven 2 

Thornton ~ 2 

Sloan-Duployan 2 

Benn Pitman and Osgoodby 2 

Stenograph (a machine) 2 

New Eapid 1 

Taylor 1 

Porter , 1 

Barnes 1 

Light Line 1 

Gabelsberger 1 

Combinations of several systems different from the 

combinations mentioned above 36 

Total 646 

A person who has studied any of the Pitmanic systems 

can take up the study of the systern herein with but 



SANDERS' SHORTHAND LESSONS. 223 

little or no loss of time, and probably be benefited by 
the change. 

It is a well-known fact that Graham writers are the 
most expert shorthand reporters the world ever saw. 

The system is so easily learned that a child ten years 
of age could master it within a few months. When 
properly taught, no system is more simple. 

From four to six months is a reasonable time in which 
to prepare for amanuensis work. The rate of shorthand 
speed varies from seventy-five to one hundred and twen- 
ty-five. Typewriter transcripts from twenty to fifty. 
For verbatim reporting much greater speed must be 
acquired. 

Eead the '' Preface" and "Introduction" to this book. 















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